secondary causes are related to joint damage or causes joint instability. Furthermore‚ OA site typically affects the hip and knee. Patient’s age‚ and body weight play a role in the development of OA. The onset of OA is at 45-year-old and older. OA usually affects joints asymmetrically. The most commonly involved joints are the distal interphalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers‚ metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb‚ the metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot‚ and the cervical
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These joints all have something in common ─ they are called synovial joints‚ which means that they have a cavity in the joints that contains synovial fluid. Joints are not just made of bone‚ because if they were‚ friction would keep them from moving smoothly. The body uses cartilage and the synovial fluid to reduce friction in joints. Osteoarthritis happens when cartilage wears away over time and exposes bone to bone and increases friction‚ which is very painful. Synovial fluid is a fluid-like material
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JOINING BETWEEN XLPE AND PAPER INSULATED HT WIRE TRANSITION JOINT: Transition cable joints are designed to joint multicore Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) to paper (PILC) insulated‚ steel wire armoured (SWA) cables‚ 600/1000v and 3.3kV - 3M Scotchcast resin LA range transition cable joints with TX supplementary paper cable transition kits are suitable for both XLPE to paper and paper to paper 3M low voltage transition cable joints (XLPE to PILC) feature the Advanced Resin Delivery System for
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Article 62: Snayu (Ligaments) Introduction In Ayurveda‚ snayu refers to the ligaments and kandra stands for tendons. The study of the ligaments is known as desmology. Joint represents the articular apparatus‚ whereas‚ muscle‚ ligament‚ and tendon constitute the extra-articular apparatus. Diseases of the joints are better known as rheumatic diseases. Sandhigatavata (osteoarthritis)‚ amavata (rheumatoid-arthritis) and vata-rakta (gout) are common forms of arthritis seen in clinical practice. Rheumatism
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make up the ankle joint- the tibia‚ fibula‚ and talus. When the ankle is fractured‚ it most commonly involves the distal tibia (medial malleolus) or distal fibula (lateral malleolus). If a doctor suspects a fracture‚ an X-Ray is often required. Why is this required if a doctor already knows the ankle is fractured? There are three standards views from which an ankle can be X-Rayed. First‚ the Anterior-Posterior (AP) view is a straight on view‚ set at an angle in which the ankle joint can be viewed without
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certain medications‚ such as corticosteroids and anticonvulsants‚ are also risk factors of osteoporosis.” (William C. Shiel Jr.‚ MD‚ FACP‚ FACR‚ 2013) Muscle pains‚ bone pains‚ and joint pains are common symptoms of osteoporosis. Asian and Caucasian women are at higher risk for osteoporosis. “Osteoarthritis is a joint inflammation that results from cartilage degeneration.
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to keep the knee unmoving for too long. It’s best to start some exercises to keep the joint moving. I ce should be applied as soon as possible after the injury - for 10-30 minutes. Do not put ice directly on skin‚ as it may cause ice-burn - use a cloth. The cold reduces blood flow to the damaged ligament. This may limit pain and swelling. C ompression with a bandage will limit swelling‚ and help rest the joint. A tubular compression bandage can be used. Mild pressure that is not too tight or stop
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are UG CAD. This UG motion simulation training package mainly introduces some basic knowledge of dynamics analysis and example of UG motion simulation. It includes of UG motion simulation foundation‚ Link‚ the mass and materials‚ motion joint‚ drive joint‚ constraint‚ force creation‚ connector‚ the results of simulation output‚ checking of mechanism‚ XY function editor‚ optimize simulation and comprehensive case of dynamic analysis and more. This package is created base on the powerful analysis
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OSTEOARTHRITIS The Pathophysiology of osteoarthritis is the affection of articular cartilage‚ along with the synovial fluid in the joint‚ permitting almost frictionless movement of joint bones at their points of contact. The frictional resistance of normal joints is the cartilage layer to absorb the shock associated with joint use. When weight is loaded onto the joint‚ the cartilage layer compresses. Once the weight is removed‚ the cartilage rebounds to its original dimensions. The articular cartilage
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EFFECT OF JOINT ROUGHNESS ON SHEAR STRENGTH OF JOINT IN GRANITE Introduction Shear strength is the extreme shear strength where a material can support before rapture. Based on Lama and Vutukuri (1978)[1]‚ it is one of the critical aspects used for designing purpose. There is no doubt that joint is a main factor that leads to failure in every rocks type including granite. In granite‚ shear strength is one of the main characteristic that needs to be determined in order to classify its strength and
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