ESSAY: THEORY IN PRACTICE CST-L3 There are three main theoretical approaches/models used in Counselling: Humanistic/Person centred developed by Carl Rodgers‚ Psychodynamic theories developed by Sigmund Freud and Behavioural therapies such as (T/A) TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS founded by Eric Berne and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). If any of the above are used effectively in practice‚ a therapist will be able to help an individual achieve positive change in problematic areas presented
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Psychoanalysis had begun with the discovery that a person in complete physical health could experience an illness with physical symptoms that caused by things trapped in the subconscious known as hysteria. Charcot‚ a French neurologist tried to liberate the mind through hypnosis. A Viennese physician‚ Josef Breuer‚ carried this purging further with a process based on his patient‚ Anna O.‚ revealing her thoughts and feelings to him. Sigmund Freud took Breuer’s method and made generalizations that
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Critically compare how the nature-nurture debate has been addressed by three different researchers or schools or thought in Psychology and/or Philosophy. At least one of the researchers/schools must have been active before the 20th century. Theories whose fundamental understanding of human behaviour focuses on characteristics in which‚ we are born with like our genetic make-up‚ stable personality traits‚ and physical predispositions are Naturists. In contrast theorists who are on the nurture side
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Human development Principles of Growth and Development • Growth – increase in size or quantity over time • Development – systematic and orderly change organisms experience as they live and either gain or lose abilities Principles of Growth and Development Growth is personal Growth comes from within Growth is gradual and orderly but uneven Growth has certain characteristics common at particular stages • Development precedes from the head downward (cephalocaudal) • Development precedes from the
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For ease of review in discussing the developmental theorists and their theories of human development I have subdivided each theorist into their respective schools of psychology. These schools include the psychoanalytic school‚ behavioral school‚ humanistic school‚ cognitive school‚ and the individual schools of psychology. Each developmental theorist holds their own unique ideas and theories about various components of human development. I will be discussing the contributions of each of these theorists
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the U.S. occupation of Haiti that was a topic of debate in that year’s presidential election. His best-known plays include Anna Christie (Pulitzer Prize 1922)‚ Desire Under the Elms (1924)‚ Strange Interlude (Pulitzer Prize 1928)‚ Mourning Becomes Electra (1931)‚ and his only well-known comedy‚ Ah‚ Wilderness!‚ a wistful re-imagining of his youth as he wished it had been. In 1936 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature. After a ten-year pause‚ O’Neill’s now-renowned play The Iceman Cometh was produced
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Psychology Perspectives An approach is a perspective/view that involves certain assumptions like beliefs‚ about human behaviour‚ the way they function‚ which aspects of them are worthy of study and what research methods are appropriate for undertaking this study. Each perspective has its strengths and weaknesses‚ and brings something different to our understanding of human behaviour. For this reasons‚ it is important that psychology does have different perspectives to the understanding and study
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“Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue” In this essay I am asked to evaluate one aspect of Freudian theory. I will begin by first describing Freud’s psychosexual theory and demonstrate an understanding of its relationship to adult neurotic behavior. Having done this I will examine some of the criticisms that have been levelled at Freudian theory in order to evaluate it. In 1905 Freud published ‘Three Essays
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Page 1 In this essay I am going to evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue. I will be describing Freud’s psychosexual theory and its relationship to adult neurotic behaviour as well as looking at the criticisms of Freudian theory. According to Freud personality is mostly established by the age of five. Early experiences play a large role in personality development and continue to influence behaviour later
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Developmental Psychology Notes Examines how people are continually developing- physically‚ cognitively‚ and socially – from infancy through old age. Nature and Nurture: how do genetic inheritance and experience influence our development? Should always be in the back of your head during this unit. Are you who you are because of the way you were born or because of the way you were raised? Continuity and stages: is development a gradual‚ continuous process like riding an escalator‚ or does it proceed
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