the energy that is lost while the vehicle is stopping. This technology is used on hybrid vehicles that use both gas and electricity as sources of power. The energy that is recouped during braking is saved in a storage battery and used later to power the motor whenever the vehicle is using its electric power source. Conventional Braking Systems In braking systems on conventional vehicles‚ friction is used to counteract the forward momentum of a moving vehicle. As the brake pads rub against the
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The Adoption of Electrically Powered Vehicles in the U.S. Date: 08-31-2013 The non-internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles consists of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV)‚ plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV)‚ single-fuel all electric vehicles (EV)‚ and fuel cell vehicles (FCV). Earlier attempts at non-ICE vehicles were faced with many challenges resulting in abandonment of research and development. General Motors (GM) discontinued the EV1 electric vehicle after investing about $1 billion in
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A Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Protocol for Cooperative Collision Warning Xue Yang University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign xueyang@uiuc.edu Jie Liu Microsoft Research liuj@microsoft.com Feng Zhao Microsoft Research zhao@microsoft.com Nitin H. Vaidya University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign nhv@uiuc.edu Abstract This paper proposes a vehicle-to-vehicle communication protocol for cooperative collision warning. Emerging wireless technologies for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and
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Hybrid Electric Vehicles The Dark Side John Orttenburger Lake Superior State University April 10‚ 2011 Abstract In the past decade‚ hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) have been making a big commotion with the innovative‚ gas saving technologies that accompany them. The illusion that HEVs are 100 percent environmentally friendly in all aspects also follows the HEV wave. Sadly the illusion often wins over unsuspecting customers the instant better gas mileage is offered. This review on the environmental
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TP 13732E ELECTRIC BIKE 2000 PROJECT Prepared for Transportation Development Centre Safety and Security Transport Canada By Centre for Electric Vehicle Experimentation in Quebec (CEVEQ) April 2001 TP 13732E ELECTRIC BIKE 2000 PROJECT By Véronique Lamy Centre for Electric Vehicle Experimentation in Quebec (CEVEQ) April 2001 The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the contractor and do not necessarily reflect those of the Transportation Development
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modifications that are the main objective of the study. Compressed air filled by electricity using a compressor. The electricity requirement for compressing air has to be considered while computing overall efficiency. Nevertheless the compressed air vehicle will contribute to reducing a air pollution and tend to zero pollution level and promoting great environment. Main advantage of this engine is that no hydrocarbon fuel required means no combustion process is take place. HISTORY In fact‚ two centuries
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Contents Acknowledgement 1. Water powered vehicle • Introduction • Working • Advantages and disadvantages 2. Solar powered vehicle • Introduction • Procedures ➢ Photo – voltaic cell ➢ Electrical system ➢ Mechanical system • Solar arrays for array space • Limitations and challenges 3. Wind powered vehicles • Introduction • Working
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MS 403 Engineering Entrepreneurship Case Study: Electric Two-wheelers: Suzhou‚ China versus India Sumit Deshmukh Prashant Patel For the present case study‚ we have taken 2 generic products – TVS Scooty Pep+ - a petrol powered bike and Hero Electric E-Sprint - an electrical 2 wheeler for quantitative cost analysis. Market prices and power rating of these bikes are comparable and hence gives us a more realistic account. TVS Scooty Pep Cost (Rs.) Max. Speed (kmph) km/unit Fuel price/unit
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How Chromatography Helps The Human Race Chromatography is the separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension or as a vapor (as in gas chromatography) through a medium in which the components move at different rates. “Chromatography is done by making of a mixture move past the solids‚ or across the surface of a solid‚ like paper. The mixture is poured onto a solid surface. As the different components of the liquid run down the solid‚ some of them move more slowly than other. A component
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Oil and Gas PricesOil and Gas 2There are many issues that cause the cost of oil and gas to increase. The main contributing issue to the increasing cost of oil and gas is supply and demand‚ when demand is greater than supply‚ the price of oil and gas will increase. The factors that affect supply include increased demand‚ problems with refineries and pipelines‚ and disruption to supply or threat of disruption to supply.With the increased demand for oil in the United States and other countries such
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