negative electrical charge is electrons. 3. A subatomic particle which is electrically neutral is neutrons. 4. The nucleus of an atom is made up of _protons_ and _neutrons. 5. The number of electrons forming a charge cloud around the nucleus is (pick one of the following) greater than; equal to; smaller than the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. 6. The atomic number of potassium (3919K) is_19_. This means that a potassium atom has _19 protons and 19_ electrons. 7. What is the atomic mass
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predicted by Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSPER) theory. The following are the sets of rules summarizing thsi theory: ● Consider molecules and ions where two or more atoms are bonded to a central atom. ● The electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom are assumed to position as far apart as possible because electron pair repels one another. The shape of the molecule or ion is a result of the electron-pair repulsion. ● All the valence-shell electron pairs of the central atom
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← Muon ← Is created when a neutrino collides and combines with an H2O proton (weak force) ← Creates blue light ← High energy; travels faster than the speed of light (in water) ← Neutrino ← Type of particle: Lepton (like electrons and muons) ← Most abundant particle in the universe ▪ 1016 neutrinos are passing through your body at any point in time ← Theoretically discovered by Wolfgang Pauli (1930); actually discovered in 1955 ← Produced during nuclear reaction or changes
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positions of the atomic nuclei. Bond dipoles inform us about the electron distribution around the two bonded atoms. From bond dipoles we may derive electronegativity data useful for predicting the bond dipoles of bonds that may have never been made before. From these properties of bonds we will see that there are two fundamental types of bonds--covalent and ionic. Covalent bonding represents a situation of about equal sharing of the electrons between nuclei in the bond. Covalent bonds are formed between
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Dynamics of electron packets and photocounts Vladimir Bykov* and Valentin Turin** *General Physics Institute‚ Russian Academy of Sciences‚ ul. Vaviova 38‚ Moscow‚ 1 17942 Russia‚ v.p.bykov@mtu-net.ru **Moscow Institute ofPhysics and Technology‚ voturin@pop3.mipt.rn ABSTRACT An alternative approach to the theory ofphotocounts is discussed. Mechanism of sharpening of electronic distribution at the expansion of many-electron packets is investigated. Arising of such inhomogeneities initiates
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the nuclei and valence electrons of two different atoms. This attraction results in the two atoms binding together. An ionic bond‚ also called an electron-transfer bond‚ is a type of chemical bond that is a result of the electromagnetic attraction between ions of opposite charges‚ i.e.‚ a cation (a positively charged ion) and an anion (a negatively charged ion). An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has acquired an electrical charge due to the loss or gain of electrons. In an ionic bond‚ an atom
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Unit One Continued Biology is Life and the Living Characterstics of living things Must have Complex and Organized structure based on element carbon Flower (complex and organized) Reproduction and show gene controlled by heredity Camel reproduces and heredity is the traits based on the genes of the DNA Instructions on how to create YOU Crystal reproduces but has no Genes and no control Living things show growth and development Egg cell with sperm to embryo to child 23+23 for DNA Energy
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What are key parameters to describe an exciton? An exciton is a bound state of an electron and a hole in an insulator (or semiconductor)‚ or in other words‚ a Coulomb correlated electron/hole pair. It is an elementary excitation of a solid. A vivid picture of exciton formation is as follows: a photon enters a semiconductor‚ exciting an electron from the valence band into the conduction band. The missing electron in the valence band leaves a hole behind‚ of opposite electric charge‚ to which it is
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contact When two objects are rubbed together there is more contact between the surfaces and so more electrons are transferred Electron Affinity: Electron affinity is the tendency of a substance to hold onto electrons. Items high on the list (electrostatic/ triboelectric series) will tend to lose electrons easily (positive) Items low on the list will tend to gain electrons easily‚ or hold on to their electrons example: glass rubbed with plastic wrap glass is above plastic wrap glass will become positive
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in Quantumland 1. Electrons have no distinguishing features except spin Upon falling into the quantum wonderland while in her living room‚ Alice finds herself faced with a new reality of existence that seems to baffle her. She is first met with some strange-looking dweller of the new and vastly strange wonderland that she could not make out. She politely introduces herself as Alice‚ thereby invoking a response from her companion to the effect that it was an electron. Alice also noted that
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