Study guide for Microbiology Chapter 2 Name________________ 1. List and describe the sequence steps routinely used to identify bacteria. These are referred to as the “five I’s” in your text. 2. Define / describe each of the following as they apply to microbiology: a. Culture f. pure culture b. Inoculum g. contaminated culture c. Inoculation h. mixed culture d. Colony 3. Microbiologists employee a number of approached to acquiring a pure culture
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small the radii of most atoms fall within the range of 5 x 10^-11 m to 2 x 10^-10m atoms can be seen in scanning electron microscopes atoms can be moved 4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom Overview Lots of Dalton’s theory is accepted except that atoms can be divided Atoms can be divided into three subatomic particles Protons Neutrons Electrons Subatomic Particles Electrons Discovered by UK physicist J.J. Thomson (1856-1940) Are negatively charged subatomic particles. Thomson’s Experiment
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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1. Powder X-Ray diffraction analysis The grown Cd doped LSMH crystal were subjected to powder X-ray diffraction studies using a Rich Seifert X-ray diffractometer employing CuKα (1.54058 Å) radiation‚ scanning angle ranging from 10° to 70° at a scan rate 1°/min to confirm the crystalline phase of the grown crystal. Fig 2 shows the X-ray powder diffraction patterns of pure as well as Cd doped LSMH single crystals. The obtained (h k l) values are indexed using the JCPDS
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of Radiation and Radioactivity Introduction: Radiation can be defined as the propagation of energy through matter or space. It can be in the form of electromagnetic waves or energetic particles. Ionizing radiation has the ability to knock an electron from an atom‚ i.e. to ionize. Examples of ionizing radiation include: • alpha particles • beta particles • neutrons • gamma rays • x-rays Non-ionizing radiation does not have enough energy to ionize atoms in the material it interacts with. Examples
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As such‚ its outer shell (VALENCE) has the maximum number of electrons (i.e.‚ the outer shell is full). Thus‚ the electron configuration is STABLE. In other words‚ Noble Gases are not reactive. Figure 2 is the element Nitrogen. Its outer shell is NOT full. Thus‚ the electron configuration is UNSTABLE. To become stable (i.e.‚ have an outer shell with the maximum number of electrons)‚ nitrogen will either GIVE AWAY or TAKE electrons from another element. When this happens‚ the NITROGEN ION is
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objects around you. Atoms are composed of particles called protons‚ electrons and neutrons. Protons carry a positive electrical charge‚ electrons carry a negative electrical charge and neutrons carry no electrical charge at all. The protons and neutrons cluster together in the central part of the atom‚ called the nucleus‚ and the electrons ’orbit’ the nucleus. A particular atom will have the same number of protons and electrons and most atoms have at least as many neutrons as protons. Protons and
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400 BC Democritus: He hypothesized that all matter (plus space and time) is composed of tiny indestructible units‚ called atoms. Democritus performed no experiments. 1 .All matter consists of invisible particles called atoms. 2. Atoms are indestructible. 3. Atoms are solid but invisible. 4. Atoms are homogenous. 5. Atoms differ in size‚ shape‚ mass‚ position‚ and arrangement. ->Solids are made of small‚ pointy atoms. ->Liquids are made of large‚ round atoms. ->Oils are made of very fine
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the same thing. 2. Atoms are made of molecules. 3. Molecules are made of atoms. What is the smallest structure in this list that can be seen with an ordinary desk microscope? 1. 2. 3. 4. Cells. Cell nucleus. Atoms. Chain molecules‚ such as proteins. Atoms In our model of scale‚ remember that the BB represented an atom. Electrons Hydrogen Helium Neutrons Protons As a class‚ identify the atoms represented here and label the sub-atomic particles. Carbon OxygenPhosphorous Calcium What elements
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Primary Source Review #1 Title: Age-associated decreased activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes in heart and skeletal muscle: role of L-carnitine Authors: Kumaran S.‚ Subathra M.‚ Balu M.‚ Panneerselvam C. Journal: Chemo-Biological Interactions Vol. 148 Pgs. 11-18 Date: 2004 Instructions: You may work together on this assignment and turn it in as a group or individually. You will need to use resources such as the internet in addition to your textbook and the article
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the problems with Dalton’s theory are that his second law that all atoms of the same element are the same is false because today we have found that there are other kinds of atoms called isotopes. An isotope is an atom that has the same amount of electrons and protons‚ but it has more neutrons that increase its atomic mass. Some examples of isotopes are Carbon 12‚ carbon 13‚ carbon 14‚ Uranium (234‚ 235‚ and 238) and lithium (6‚ 7). Carbon 14 is especially useful because we know its rate of decay and
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