How do ionic compounds form? How do electrons change the shape of a molecule? These are just a couple of the questions that this paper will answer. How do ionic compounds form? Ionic compounds are formed by positive and negative ions. An ionic bond means that there are valence electrons being shared between the two molecules. This can cause the molecule to become negative or positively charged. An ionic compound is formed by the complete transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal and the resulting
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a compound. They form because they lower the potential energy of the charged particles that compose atoms. Chemical bonds can be broadly classified into two types: Ionic and Covalent. Ionic: metal & nonmetal Metals have a tendency to lose electrons and nonmetals have a tendency to gain them. The metal atom becomes a cation and a nonmetal becomes an anion. The oppositely charged ions attract one another and form an ionic compound Covalent: nonmetal & nonmetal Covalent bonds are shared;
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But Niels Bohr looked into this and found out that electrons move in paths around the nucleus. Surprisingly these electron can move from one path to another. They can also jump to a path that is a level above. Bohr created a model called the planetary model. This model shows how the electron move in different energy levels. Enrico Fermi -- 1940 Enrico Fermi was the very first person to create a nuclear reactor‚
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known to contain other particles as well. Yet Thomson’s bold suggestion that cathode rays were material constituents of atoms turned out to be correct. The rays are made up of electrons: very small‚ negatively charged particles that are indeed fundamental parts of every atom. Modern ideas and technologies based on the electron‚ leading to television and the computer and much else‚ evolved through many difficult steps. Thomson’s
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1.1 The atoms‚ during bond formation‚ may lose or gain electrons (valence electrons) in order to achieve a stable state‚ or technically speaking‚ a stable electron configuration. Usually metal atoms lose electrons and non-metals gain electrons in order to achieve electron stability. When dealing with bond formation (Ionic bonding for example) we need to analyse the outer shell of the atom. Metals usually present 1‚ 2 or 3 electrons in their outer shell therefore they have to give them away to achieve
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the Nucleus The nucleus contains both Protons and neutrons The negatively charged particles surrounding the center are called Electrons (3^H)‚ an isomer‚ differs from (1^H) in that: 3^H has 2 more neutrons than 1^H Nitrogen has 7 electrons and thus can form a maximum of ___ covalent bonds with other elements 3 Carbon has 6 electrons while hydrogen has 1 electron. How many covalent bonds can form between a carbon atom and hydrogen atoms 4 In the lab you are culturing human cells in order
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at the end of 19th century‚ experimental investigations on conduction of electricity (electric discharge) through gases at low pressure in a discharge tube led to many historic discoveries. The discovery of X-rays by Roentgen in 1895‚ and of electron by J. J. Thomson in 1897‚ were important milestones in the understanding of atomic structure. It was found that at sufficiently low pressure of about 0.001 mm of mercury column‚ a discharge took place between the two electrodes on applying the
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examiner’s report for each question. 1. (i) atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons/different masses (1) 1 (ii) 79Br 35 protons‚ 44 neutrons‚ 35 electrons (1) 81Br 35 protons‚ 46 neutrons‚ 35 electrons (1) 2 (iii) (1s2)2s22p63s23p63d104s24p5 (1) 1 [4] 2. (i) iodide has been converted to iodine (1) (with correct use and spelling of iodide and iodine)
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Chem 201 /HW#10 Chapter 9 Electronegativity Table: use this table to answer Q [pic] 1. Bromine tends to form a monatomic ion which has the electronic configuration of a noble gas. What is the electron configuration of that noble gas? a. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4p6 b. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4p6 4d10 c. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p6 d. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 e. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 2. Which ion of
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stable. Consisting of protons and neutrons‚ they are unaffected by chemical reactions and have remained the same since they were formed. However‚ some nuclei are unstable and spontaneously release energy in the form of a Helium nucleus (α Alpha)‚an electron (β Beta) and γ Gamma rays. These nuclei are known as radioactive and it’s not possible to predict when a particular radioactive nucleus will emit this energy but a large number of materials are said to have a ‘half life’. The half life is the time
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