The purpose of the experiment was to perform an electrophilic addition reaction by the bromination of cinnamic acid. The product of this reaction is 3-Phenyl-2‚3-dibromo propionic acid‚ which is purified by recrystallization. Cinnamic acid (3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid) is an unsaturated carboxylic acid. The electron rich π cloud (see Figure 1) in the double bond of this structure is nucleophilic and can be considered a Lewis base. It can therefore be saturated by the addition of a halogen to the double
Premium Oxygen Chemistry Carbon
Substitution is another fundamental theme in Focus. Ethical relationship is an essential character of all human beings. Which is to say‚ it is our ethical relations that define us‚ make us individuals. Such relations stems from the face‚ the face of the other. “The face speaks to me and thereby invites me to a relation” (Totality and Infinity 198). Substitution as articulated by Levinas is related to “self-coincidence‚ self-possession‚ and sovereignty” (Basic Philosophical Writings 79). In this vein
Premium Ethics Police Police officer
The income and substitution effects of a change in the price of a good. Economics and Information systems Aboyowa Okoturo 3/2/2012 INTRODUCTION The relationship that occurs between one’s consumption‚ his or her personal preferences and the demand curve is one of the most complex associations in economics. Unconditionally‚ an economist would carry the mind set that whatever is purchased by an individual is consumed‚ and the only exception to this is if the purchase is for a productive
Premium Consumer theory
For centuries theologians have interpretated the atonement in light of and for their particular day. In this essay‚ I have chosen to review three of the models of atonement. These being: Christus Victor‚ Moral Influence and the Penal Substitution. I will be giving a brief over view of each reflecting on their strengths and weaknesses. In the Bible‚ atonement usually means
Premium Christianity Jesus New Testament
1.2. Herbal Drug Substitution The drug which is used as a substitute of the original drug in its absence is referred as Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya in classical texts. This concept about the usage of a substitute drug was well mentioned by Acharya Bhavamishra in his classical work Bhavaprakasha. Bhavaprakasha is an important treatise on Ayurveda being counted as one of the LaghuTrayi (Three minor treatises)‚ others being Madhav Nidan and Sharangdhar Samhita. It is comprehensive in nature containing
Premium Pharmacology Pharmacology Ayurveda
that are sodium iodide with acetone solvent and silver nitrate with ethanol solvent. Based on lab analysis and the reaction mechanism we can predict the reactivities of the substrates with the reagents and test the products STRUCTURES: In the substitution mechanism there are two basic kinds of reaction SN1 and SN2 Both of them have similarities and differences.SN1 favors for tertiary carbon compounds and next secondary but unlikely for primary carbon compounds which is vice versa for SN2 mechanism
Premium Ethanol Organic reaction Nucleophile
Title: Relativities of Alkyl Halides in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Introduction: The purpose of this lab was to perform a comparison of relative reactivities of various alkyl halides with two different reagents‚ sodium iodine in acetone and silver nitrate in ethanol. (Below are the reaction equations). We used different substrates‚ which were primary‚ secondary‚ and tertiary. These substrates included 2-bromobutane‚ 2-bromo-2-methylpropane‚ 1-bromobutane ∞-Bromotoluene‚ bromobenzene
Premium
It was the export promotion (EP) strategy that accounted for East Asian’s states’ success of economic development. Meanwhile‚ many other developing countries such as Latin America countries had committed to an alternative strategy‚ import substitution (IS). The IS strategy yielded disappointing results: most of these countries did not succeed in either industrialization or economic growth while export-oriented industrializations (EOIs) sustained fast economic development. Data from the World
Premium International trade Industry Economics
Abstract:The Wittig Reaction is a nucleophilic addition in which an alkene is formed as a product. Both the E and Z isomers of the alkene result. Substituents on the aromatic aldehyde affect the E/Z ratio of products that form. In this experiment‚ a nitro group was used as the substituent in the ortho‚ meta and para positions‚ with benzaldehyde as the control. Each of the four aldehydes reacted with (carbethoxymethylene) triphenylphosphorane to produce ethyl cinnamate‚ ethyl-3-(2-nitrophenyl)acrylate
Premium Aldehyde Nuclear magnetic resonance Organic chemistry
This experiment involved a substitution reaction to perform synthesis of 2-phenylethanol to get (2-bromoethyl)benzene. Using NaBr in an acidic solvent of H2SO4 with H2O present‚ this synthesis was possible. Subsequent evaluations using TLC and then analyzed samples by Gas Chromatography were done to evaluate the results. Using SN2 reactions‚ primary alcohol is going to be converted to alkyl halide. Since the reaction can be reversed‚ the strong sulfuric acid was to make sure the product would indeed
Premium Chemistry Alcohol Ethanol