GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS Methods in GA Precipitation Method - involves isolation of an ion in solution by a precipitation reaction‚ filtering‚ washing the precipitate free of contaminants‚ conversion of the precipitate to a product of known composition‚ and finally weighing the precipitate and determining its mass by difference. From the mass and known composition of the precipitate‚ the amount of the original ion can be determined. Volatilization Method -the analyte or its decomposition products
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Experiment 3: Electronic structure‚ bonding and shape of some simple inorganic molecules. Introduction: In quantum chemistry‚ electronic structure is the state of motion of electrons in an electrostatic field created by stationary nuclei. The term encompass both the wave functions of the electrons and the energies associated with them. Electronic structure is obtained by solving quantum mechanical equations for the aforementioned clamped-nuclei problem. Electronic structure problem arise from the
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a chemical bond Bonding involves ________________. 2 Chemical Bonds‚ cont. In general‚ there are three types of chemical bonds: I. Ionic bond: Transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Seen primarily in M + NM. Bond is an electrostatic attraction of of a _______for an ______. II. Covalent bond: Results from a ________ of outermost electrons. A. __________covalent: ______ sharing of electrons. Observed in two of the same NM’s or in C-H bonds. B. ______covalent: ________
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When they are placed near each other the cups repel each other. They both have the same negative charge. The closer the cups were put toward each other the more they were repelled as evidenced by their threads being pushed apart as well. Electrostatic force increases the closer they are and decreases the further apart they are. When one of these cups was placed very near small-uncharged pieces of paper‚ they jumped off the table and clung shortly to the cup. Some electrons are likely to be
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because it uses electrons that have wavelengths about 100‚000 times shorter than visible light (photons)‚ and can achieve magnifications of up to 1‚000‚000x‚ whereas light microscopes are limited to 2000x magnification. The electron microscope uses electrostatic and electromagnetic "lenses" to control the electron beam and focus it to form an image. These lenses are analogous to‚ but different from the glass lenses of an optical microscope that form a magnified image by focusing light on or through the
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when atoms of chlorine and other halogens gain electrons ▪ ▪ ionic compounds= compounds composed of cations and anions ▪ ionic compounds are electrically neutral ▪ anions and cations attract one another by means of electrostatic force ▪ ionic bonds= electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds ▪ chemical formula=shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a substance. (ex: NaCl) ▪ formula unit= lowest whole number ratio of
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INTRODUCTION Waste is an unavoidable by-product of most human activity. Economic development and rising living standards in the Asian and Pacific Region have led to increases in the quantity and complexity of generated waste‚ whilst industrial diversification and the provision of expanded health-care facilities have added substantial quantities of industrial hazardous waste and biomedical waste into the waste stream with potentially severe environmental and human health consequences. Waste is
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Lesson 03.01: History of the Periodic Table Explain how scientific observations led to the development of‚ and changes to‚ the periodic table. -Dmitri Mendeleev- first periodic table‚ organized 63 known elements according to properties‚ organized into rows and columns and wrote name‚ mass‚ and chemical properties on each -Julius Lothar Meyer- independently worked in Germany‚ similar to Mendeleev -Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley- Worked with Ernest Rutherford‚ experimented with 38 metals‚ he found
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ELECTRICITY I. DISCOVER OF ELECTRICITY About 600 B.C.‚ Thales‚ a Greek philosopher and scientist‚ observed that a piece of amber attracted small bits of “paper” or very thin wood shavings after it was rubbed with wool. He had discovered‚ in effect‚ static electricity. William Gilbert‚ an English scientist in the sixteenth century‚ found that many other different materials could be made to act like amber. Whenever these objects were rubbed against each other‚ they were able to attract each other
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Chemical bond From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such ascovalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole–dipole interactions
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