Parkinson’s or PD is a disease that attacks the peripheral nervous system around the age of 50 years old. This devastating disease causes the degeneration of the mind and gets worse with time. It is categorized by the loss of basic mobility‚ making daily life a real challenge. It causes most motor skills to go away entirely and leaves a person with a resting tremor‚ akineisa‚ and muscle stiffness. Parkinson’s is incurable but treatment is available to subdue symptoms. It is genetic and may be caused
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March 26‚ 2013 Lecture -The function of the eye is to convert photons of light into action potentials (nerve impulses). -The inner layer is a nervous tunic (made out of nerve cells)=retina. -Refraction: Bends light. -The purpose of the cornea and the lens is to take an object and focus every little detail of the object on the retina on the back of the lens. Upside down and backwards. -When light goes through medias‚ it bends. -Lens are suspended by ligaments behind the pupil. Suspensory ligaments
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NOSE CHEMICALS HEARING EARS SOUND TASTE TONGUE CHEMICALS SIGHT EYES LIGHT RESPONSE TO STIMULI When a sensory organ detects a stimulus‚ information in the form of nerve impulses‚ is sent to the brain The brain interprets the information and a suitable response is produced by effectors The pathway of nerve impulses from stimulus to response; Effectors are parts of the body that carry out responses to stimuli. Examples of effectors are muscles and glands LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT -OPTICAL
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Human Biology Unit 2 Assignment Aim: Carry out an experiment to measure the heart rate and ventilation rate before‚ during and after moderate exercise. Introduction: I predict that during exercise the heart and respiratory rate (RR) will increase depending on the intensity of exercise and the resting rates will be restored soon after exercise has stopped. I believe that the changes are caused by the increased need for oxygen and energy in muscles as they have to contract faster during exercise
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current is directed over the nerves that lead to those electrodes so that a computer can record and evaluate the consequent nerve impulse for velocity‚ onset and amplitude. Neuropathies are caused by damage to the nerves axon and/or damage to the myelin sheath surrounding the nerve. If a response is slower than normal‚ damage to the myelin sheath is implied. If the height of the response’s amplitude is low with a relatively normal speed of conduction‚ damage to the nerve axon is implied. How
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then converted into action potentials in the membranes of the vesicles. These travel as nervous impulses through the rod or the cone cell and reach the synaptic knobs. From here the impulses are transmitted to the bipolar nerve cells‚ then to the ganglions and then to the optic nerves. Thus the nervous impulses generated in the retina are carried to the brain by about a million neurons of the optic nerve. The vision is controlled by the occipital lobe at the back of the brain. The information received
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animals. (b) Sensory organs allow the body to respond to the stimuli surroundings. Stimuli from the surroundings. Stimuli are changes that happen in the environment. (c) Sensory organs have receptors that receive the stimuli and then‚ send them as impulses to the brain to be analysed. The brain will then‚ give a response through the related effectors. Examples of effectors are muscles and glands. 2. The sensory organs found in humans are the skin‚ eyes‚ nose‚ ears and tongue. 3. Table 1.1
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external stimulus and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve. a region of tissue‚ or a molecule in a cell membrane‚ that responds specifically to a particular neurotransmitter‚ hormone‚ antigen‚ or other substance. EYES & VISUAL SENSATION The human eye is capable of seeing only a tiny portion of the electromagnetic spectrum‚ a portion known as visible light. The eye is a highly intricate structure with over 100 million receptors that emit neural impulses when stimulated by light. More specifically‚ they
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Resting potential: the state of the neuron when not firing a neural impulse. Action potential: the release of the neural impulse consisting of a reversal of the electrical charge within the axon. Axon terminals branches at the end of the axon synaptic knob rounded areas on the end of the axon terminals. Synaptic vesicles saclike structures found inside
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the pupil‚ which regulates light entry into the inner eye and brings objects into focus. Light then then passes through the lens which focuses the light on the retina (made of rods and cones). The retina turns light into nerve impulses and sends it to the brain through the optic nerve. 2. Explain static and dynamic equilibrium. 6 points static equilibrium - The special sense which interprets the position of the head when not moving‚ allowing the CNS to maintain stability and posture. These
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