Chapter 7 – Internal control Internal control – steps taken by business to prevent fraud – misappropriation of assets and fraudulent financial reporting‚ COSO defines IC as means to an end Achievements of objectives in the area of financial reporting‚ operations‚ compliance with law and regulations Foreign corrupt practices act: Transactions authorized with the knowledge of and authorization of management Means of achieving internal control – preventive control – prevents fraud ex: segregation
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can affect its operation.The business environment consists of the actors and forces that affect an organization’s ability to develop and maintain business with its targeted customers. These are the Micro Environment‚ the Macro environment and the internal environment.The micro-environment of an organization can best be understood as comprising all those other organizations and individuals who directly or indirectly affect the activities of the organization. The following key groups can be identified
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Introduction of Intercontinental hotel. Intercontinential hotel‚as the first truly international hotel group‚ was born in 1946.it becomes the biggest hotel group on earth.This group also have the wildst distribution of hotel around the world.The goal of this hotel is creating great hotels guests loveThe headquarter of this company is in berkshire ‚ UK .During 2007‚ it employed approximately 10366 in 2007 . What is the meaning of environment? (Docstoc 2010‚ p3)That means the surroundings‚ influnces
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XPO Logistics‚ Inc. (XPO) BRADLEY S. JACOBS is the Chief Executive Officer of XPO Logistics‚ Inc. A career CEO‚ he has led two public companies. United Rentals‚ Inc.‚ which he cofounded in 1997; and United Waste Systems‚ Inc.‚ founded in 1989. Mr. Jacobs served as Chairman and CEO of United Rentals for the company’s first six years‚ and as Executive Chairman for an additional four years. He served eight years as Chairman and CEO of United Waste Systems. Previously‚ Mr. Jacobs founded Hamilton Resources
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Generally‚ every organization’s performance could be enhanced if they have a sound internal control system. Internal control sys has two subcategories: A) Control environment B) Control procedures and policies @ control activities Control environment is abt attitude of board n mgt‚ whether they have integrity(honesty) and value the importance of running a sound internal control system. So‚ if their attitude is good‚ they will raise awareness and foster good attitude among ppl in the org
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dispatched independently to approving authority. Once signed‚ the approved invoices should be sent independently to accounts payable. When the check is prepared by accounts payable‚ they should mail it directly to the third party. Under a strong internal control system‚ the employees and/or contractors should not be allowed to come in and collect checks directly. Direct contacts with accounts payable personnel make it too tempting for someone
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Logistics and Supply Chain Management Groupe Sup de Co La Rochelle La Rochelle‚ October/November 2012 Prof. Dr. Thomas Liebetruth Learning Objectives Realizing some applications of logistics principles in the “real world” Understanding the necessity and the challenges of Supply Chain Management Know different approaches how to model a Supply Chain Structure and localize the problems of Supply Chain Management Master (some of) the basic management and planning techniques in a Supply Chain
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different approvals‚ usually built upon moral preference. Mill is able to categorize every human license into exist internal and external sanctions‚ and believes that it is possible to change your moral selection. External sanctions exist outside of the individual‚ independent of his mind. They may take the form of peer pressure‚ the fear of disapproval‚ or the fear of god. Internal sanctions stem from one’s conscience. These consist of feelings like discomfort or joy when one realizes the consequences
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Internal & Managerial Control “Internal (Management) Control is the set of accounting & administrative controls and practices that help ensure that approved and appropriate decisions are made in an organization” * in other words‚ to make sure that the right thing happens and the wrong thing does not happen‚ either purposely or accidentally Why Internal Control? 1. To safeguard the assets against waste‚ loss & misuse 2. Check the accuracy and reliability of accounting data
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INTERNAL ACTORS (AND EMPLOYEE REPRESENTATIVES) Directors The most prominent group of actors in corporate governance are the company’s directors. They can be either executive or non-executives directors (NEDs); the numbers and split of executives to NEDs will partly depend upon the regulatory regime of the country. It is generally the case that investors and regulators prefer there to be more NEDs‚ as their independent scrutiny of the company‚ its controls
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