Each sample is encoded with an 8-bit PCM code. UPNRZ encoding is used. Determine: The line data rate (32)(8000)(8)=2.04mbps Minimum sampling rate =2(4khz)=8khz Minimum Nyquist bandwidth UPnRZ= Fb= 2.04mbps Consider a PCM-TDM system in which 24 signals are to be processed. Each signal has a baseband bandwidth of 3 KHz. The sampling rate has to be 33.3% higher than the theoretical minimum‚ and 8 bits are to be used. Conventional NRZ-L encoding format is used. An extra bit is added to each frame
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Advertising And The Seven Sins Of Memory Larry Percy Copenhagen Business School INTRODUCTION As if effective marketing communication were not hard enough to achieve‚ even if we succeed in getting our message attended to and processed‚ and a positive intention formed‚ the very nature of memory may step in and upset everything. Memory distortion and plain old forgetting are unfortunate facts of life. The important question‚ however‚ is: can we do anything about it? As with most things‚ if we are
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from effective communication. I will also provide an example that supports my view. The key parts of the communication process consist of the sender‚ encoding‚ the message‚ the channel‚ decoding‚ the receiver‚ noise‚ and feedback. The sender initiates a message by encoding a thought. The message is the actual physical product from the sender’s encoding. When we speak‚ the speech is the message. When we write‚ the writing is the message. When we gesture‚ the movements of our arms and the expressions
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the encoder that frame number 4 is damaged‚ and that all subsequent frames are prone to error propagation. In this regard‚ the encoder then selects the most recent frame known to be correctly received (frame 3 in this figure) as a reference for the encoding of the next frame‚ which is frame 6. Round Trip Time (RTT) determines the required amount of time for the prediction structure to be altered‚ and consequently determines the number of frames that will be affected by the error propagation
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In parallel‚ the archives and records professions have also been investigating what information might be required to support the long-term preservation of digital objects. As might be expected‚ their primary focus is on records‚ defined by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) Records Management standard (ISO 15489:2002) as "information created‚ received‚ and maintained as evidence and information by an organization or person‚ in pursuance of legal obligations or in the transaction
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In this essay‚ two models of cognitive process – memory will be evaluated. Memory is defined to be the mental process of encoding‚ storing and retrieving information. There are three stages of memory: encoding‚ storage and retrieval. Encoding is the process of converting physical stimuli into a form that the brain’s memory system can interpret and use. Types of encoding: first‚ acoustic - sound‚ spoken words‚ second‚ visual - images‚ “mental snapshots” and third‚ sematic - “general meanings” –
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Hall‚ Theory Hall has become one of the main proponents of reception theory‚ and developed Hall’s Theory of encoding and decoding. This approach to textual analysis focuses on the scope for negotiation and opposition on part of the audience. This means that the audience does not simply passively accept a text — whether a book or a film — and that an element of activity becomes involved. The person negotiates the meaning of the text. The meaning depends on the cultural background of the person
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1. Controlling compares ____________ to see if goals are being achieved. a.i. Actual performance to competitor performance a.ii. Planned performance to standard performance a.iii. Actual performance to planned performance a.iv. Standard performance in ideal performance 2. For managers‚ communication can’t be overemphasized because ____________ requires communication. a.i. Planning a.ii. Decision-making a.iii. Everything a manager does a.iv. Supervising and monitoring employees 3.
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codes‚ and its encoding circuits‚ syndrome and error detection ‚minimum distance‚ error detecting and correcting capabilities of block code‚ Decoding circuits‚ Probability of undetected error for linear block code in BSC ‚Hamming code and their applications. Unit 4 Cyclic codes and its basic properties‚ Generator & parity check matrix of cyclic codes‚ encoding & decoding circuits‚ syndrome computation & error detection‚ cyclic Hamming codes. Unit 5 Introduction to BCH codes‚ its encoding & decoding‚
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Communication Communication is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts‚ messages‚ or information‚ as by speech‚ visuals‚ signals‚ writing‚ or behavior. It is the meaningful exchange of information between two or more living creatures. Communication is “any act by which one person gives to or receives from person information about that person’s needs‚ desires‚ perceptions‚ knowledge‚ or affective states. Communication may be intentional or unintentional‚ may involve
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