Endogenous Pacemakers‚ Exogenous Zeitgebers Essay Plan 1. Describe in detail endogenous pacemakers- suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus‚ SCN obtains information about light from the eye via the optic nerve‚ happens even when eyes are shut‚ as light penetrates the eyelids. If endogenous clock is running slowly‚ morning light automatically shifts the clock ahead‚ making the rhythm correct with the world outside again. SCN- pair of structures- one in each hemisphere of the brain‚ and
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Endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers are used to control biological rhythms. Biological rhythms are controlled by environmental factors such as light‚ temperature and food availability; these are known as exogenous (external) zeitgebers. However biological organisms are complex systems‚ where many different processes are taking place. This means that it would be useful to have something which would co-ordinate these processes‚ keeping everything in time – an endogenous pacemaker. This
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the circadian rhythm. 24 Markers Circadian rhythm is rhythms that last 24 hours‚ one day. An example of a Circadian Rhythm is the sleep-wake cycle. Because this rhythm occurs daily‚ it is tempting to automatically assume that the factors which control it are exogenous zeitgebers‚ such as natural light patterns‚ TV‚ radio‚ birdsong‚ Research however has gone into this to find out what exactly controls the circadian rhythms.
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are outside our circadian 24-hour cycle such as the menstrual cycle and hibernation. These cycles are endogenously controlled‚ however can be tainted or ‘entrained’ to the environment by exogenous factors. Endogenous pacemakers are biological pacemakers inside us that regulate our cycles. An endogenous pacemaker is the Suprachiasmatic nucleus located in the hypothalamus. It is situated directly above the optic chiasm (allowing it to respond to light) and it responsible for controlling circadian rhythms
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it is known as endogenous‚ these are called endogenous pacemakers. So how do these work on their own to affect the sleep-wake cycle and why do we need external factors to also help control our circadian rhythms? There have been many studies into endogenous pacemakers to see if our sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythms) will still last 24hours without any exogenous zeitgebers(external factors) influencing this internal body clock. Folkard study In order to study internal pacemakers you need to take
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Discuss the influence of endogenous pacemaker and exogenous zeitgebers on one or more biological rhythms (24 Marks) Introduction This essay will outline and evaluate the role that endogenous pacemakers (ep’s) or internal clocks have on our biological cycles. It will also consider exogenous zeitgebers (ez’s) or external timekeepers. The two cycles to be considered are circadian and ultradian. AO1 Psychologists believe that the circadian rhythm (sleep/wake) is controlled by an
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in biological rhythms A rhythm is something that is regularly repeated e.g. eating several times a day. These rhythms are repeated over different intervals and they are governed by both internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) factors. An endogenous pacemaker is something internal that sets the rhythm‚ and an exogenous zeitgeber is something external that affects / sets the rhythm e.g. light. A biological rhythm that
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the sleep-wake cycle and at least one other biological rhythm Endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers can manipulate the various bodily rhythms‚ and have particular affects on the sleep / week cycle in the circadian rhythm. Endogenous pacemakers are separate and distinct internal rhythms that affect the bodily rhythms; similarly‚ exogenous zeitgebers are outside influences‚ and sometimes outside rhythms that also affect
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the sleep/wake cycle and one other rhythm (24) Siffre (1975) dedicated 6 months of his life to be spent isolated in an underground cave in Texas. During which‚ he was exposed to only artificial light‚ and was given no natural exogenous zeitgebers. This meant that his biological rhythms were subject to free running‚ whereby the body has to dictate its own resources and has no external aid‚ such as natural light or social norms
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role of endogenous pacemakers and of exogenous zeitgebers in the control of circadian rhythms (8+16) Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms that occur every 24 hours‚ an example of a circadian rhythm is the sleep-wake cycle‚ another circadian rhythm is body temperature which is at its lowest at around 36 degrees at night and it peaks in the morning at 38 degrees. Endogenous pacemakers are internal body ’clocks’ that will modulate biological rhythms‚ the SCN is an example of an endogenous pacemaker
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