DNA cloning refers to the process of making multiple copies of a DNA fragment. For the past weeks we have conducted a set of experiments that allow us to clone a specific gene in drosophila. First we started by the process of DNA extraction‚ which allowed us to isolate the genomic DNA from D. Melanogaster. This process requires the use of lysis in other to extract the DNA and RNA. After extracting the DNA‚ we it is important to use PCR amplification in order to amplify the DNA template to
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Fly Lab Shannon Ladd Introduction: Famers and herders have been selectively breeding their plans and animals to produce more useful hybrids for thousands of years. It was somewhat of a hit or miss process since the actual mechanisms governing inheritance were unknown. Knowledge of these genetic mechanisms finally came as a result of careful laboratory breeding experiments carried out over the last century and a half. A contributing geneticist named Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)‚ discovered through
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tongue‚ gallbladder‚ salivary glands‚ liver‚ spleen 5. Name two synonyms for the alimentary canal. Gastrointestinal Tract (GI) or GUT 6. List the organs that compose the alimentary canal and identify each on a diagram. Alimentary canal consists of the mouth‚ pharynx‚ esophagus‚ stomach‚ small intestine‚ and large intestine. 7. List the digestive accessory organs and identify each on a diagram. Teeth‚ tongue‚ gallbladder‚ and a number of large digestive glands - the salivary glands‚ liver and pancreas
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lack of it) determine the individual’s sex. But did these chromosomes have other functions as well? The answer came from the first giant of 20th-century genetics‚ the American Thomas Hunt Morgan. In decades of research with the simple fly Drosophila melanogaster‚ Morgan and his colleagues and students discovered what the X and Y chromosomes do and Morgan developed the theory of the gene. Building on Mendel’s work‚ Morgan found that the fly’s eye color is transmitted on the X chromosome a red eye
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Canal- Provides a route for blood vessels‚ nerves‚ and other pulp structures to enter the pulp cavity of the tooth. Salivary Glands * Three pairs of salivary glands empty their secretions into the mouth. Parotid glands- lie anterior to the ears. Mumps- a common childhood disease‚ is an inflammation of the parotid glands. * Submandibular glands and Sublingual glands empty their secretion into the floor of the mouth through tiny ducts. * Saliva is a mixture of mucus and serous
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References: Chaabihi‚ H.‚ Fournier‚ D.‚ Fedon‚ Y.‚ Bossy‚ J.P.‚ Ravallec‚ M.‚ Devauchelle‚ G.‚ C´ rutti‚ M.‚ 1994. Biochemical characterization of e Drosophila melanogaster acetylcholinesterase expressed by recombinant baculoviruses. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203‚ 734–742. Chaize‚ B.‚ Winterhalter‚ M.‚ Fournier‚ D.‚ 2003. Encapsulation of acetylcholinesterase in preformed liposomes. BioTechniques 34‚ 1158–1162
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2 Lab Fetal Pig Dissection: Respiratory and Digestive Systems Organs Functions Salivary Glands -Three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva; the parotid‚ submandibular (sub maxillary)‚ and sublingual glands The parotid is the largest and most easily visible of all the salivary glands. The sunbmaxillary is bean shaped and located under the bigger parotid gland. The submandibular gland lies near the jaw line. Glottis -The opening between the vocal cords at the upper part
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2 MAJOR CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM A. FOOD TUBE/ALIMENTARY CANAL/DIGESTIVE TRACT -Mouth Cavity -Pharynx -Esophagus -Stomach -Small intestines -Large Intestines -Rectum -Anus B. ACCESSORY ORGANS/GLANDS -Salivary glands -Liver -Pancreas -Gall bladder -Appendix DIGESTIVE SYSTEM- responsible for the breaking down of food into simpler molecules. ABSORPTION- bringing food to the body cells DIGESTION-) the process of breaking down complicated chemicals in nutrients into forms
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Research Questions: 1. How does temperature influence the population of fruit flies? 2. Do fruit flies reproduce faster in cool or warm temperatures? ie. Is the reproduction rate of fruit flies faster in warm temperatures or cooler temperatures? Hypothesis: Using two separate 750g boxes of peaches‚ one box placed in a warm environment (in front of a window allowing direct sunlight onto the peaches)‚ while the other is placed in a cool environment (beneath the kitchen sink)‚ over a period of two
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of carbohydrate begins in the mouth‚ with the secretion of the enzyme salivary amylase from the serous cells of the salivary gland. This enzyme breaks starch and glycogen into disaccharides. The mucous cells of the salivary gland secrete a mucus‚ which causes the food to stick together‚ and acts as a lubricant to aid in swallowing. The salivary glands are grouped into three categories: the parotid gland‚ submandibular glands‚ and sublingual‚ all located near the mouth. The food (bolus) is forced
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