Microorganisms and Fungi Bacteria and Viruses Viruses Vocabulary virus: A nonliving‚ infectious particle composed of a nucleic acid and a protein coat; it can invade and destroy a cell. pathogen: A virus‚ microorganism‚ or other substance that causes disease; an infectious agent. capsid: A protein sheath that surrounds the nucleic acid core in a virus. envelope: A membrane-like layer that covers the capsids of some viruses. glycoprotein: A protein to which carbohydrate
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Chapter 6 Microbial Growth 1 Growth • increase in cellular constituents that may result in: – increase in cell number • e.g.‚ when microorganisms reproduce by budding or binary fission – increase in cell size • e.g.‚ coenocytic microorganisms have nuclear divisions that are not accompanied by cell divisions • microbiologists usually study population growth rather than growth of individual cells 2 The Growth Curve • observed when microorganisms are cultivated in batch
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1. The classification system developed by Linnaeus in the early 1700s divided living organisms into plant and animal kingdoms. Today‚ that has been expanded into five kingdoms. Which of the following inventions was most responsible for creating the need for the additional three kingdoms and why? (2 points) (0 pts) Fossil fuel-based transportation made it easier to explore and discover new species. (0 pts) Genetic engineering created new species which then needed new kingdoms. (2 pts) Microscopes
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Microbiology Study Guide Chapters 1-6 Chapter 1 Main Themes of Microbiology Microorganisms Most are not Pathogens Prokaryotic-no nucleus or organelles Very simplistic—like bacteria Eukaryotic-has nucleus and organelles like mitochondria Includes fungus‚ and animals Acellular-not even a complete cell Includes viruses and prions like those that cause Mad Cow disease Six main types of microorganisms Bacterium (prokaryotic) Fungus (eukaryotic) Algae (eukaryotic) Virus (acellular)
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and some microbial characteristics have changed | b. | pathogens become nonpathogens | c. | the microbe survives adverse conditions but can no longer replicate | d. | the immune response to that microbe is strengthened | 5. A bacterial endospore can: a. | also be classified as an acid-fast bacterium | b. | exist in latent form inside a host cell | c. | reproduce very rapidly | d. | survive high temperatures and dry environment | 6. The structure of a virus includes: a. |
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Microbiology Quizzes Chapter 4 1. In the Gram stain‚ safranin serves as the * Primary Stain * Mordant * Decolorizing agent * Counter stain 2. *If you wanted to determine if a microorganism fermented a particular carbo * Biochemical tests * Morphology * Serology * Phage typing 3. What part of the name Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the species? * Mycobacterium * Tuberculosis * The entire name * None of it 4. The limit of useful
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FISH DISEASES AND THEIR CONTROL Lecture Prepared by: Prof. G.N.O. Ezeri Aquaculture and Fisheries Management University of Agriculture‚ Abeokuta‚ NIGERIA. ADVANCES IN FISH DISEASES FIS 710 (3 Units) Core Course Outline • Types of fish diseases‚ (parasitic‚ bacterial‚ fungal‚ nutritional etc.) • Laboratory methods for fish disease diagnosis‚ • Prevention‚ control and therapy of fish disease Introduction • Higher stocking densities call for the introduction of large quantities
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Study Guide 4 CH. 21 Genomics – the study of whole sets of genes and their interactions. Bioinformatics – is the application of computational methods to the storage and analysis of biological data Linkage Map – maps the location of several thousand genetic markers on each chromosome Physical Map – Expresses the distance between genetic markers‚ usually as the number of base pairs along the DNA Metagenomics – DNA from a group of species (a metagenome) is collected from an environmental
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Exam 1 (Biol 120‚ Spring 2014) 2/21/14 12:00-12:50 pm 50 questions × 3 points = 150 points 1. Table right compares the shape and size of various prokaryotes. Which one best describes Escherichia coli? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E 2. Which is the least permeable through the cell membrane? A) Proton B) Water C) Glycerol D) Tryptophan E) Glucose 3. Figure right shows three classes of transport systems. Which one is using energy? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 1 and 2 E) 1‚ 2 and 3 Use figure right to answer
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demonstrated that dust carries microorganisms. He showed that if dust was absent‚ nutrient broths remained sterile‚ even if directly exposed to air. He also provided evidence for the existence of exceptionally heat-resistant forms of bacteria (endospores). He proposed tyndallization‚ a method of sterilization that can be used to destroy spores. D. Microbiology deals with everything pertaining to microorganisms including ‚ but not limited to the way they reproduce. Tyndall’s work assisted
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