The History of the Computer Long before computers were invented‚ humans realized the need for them. The history of the Computer started about 2000 years ago with the abacus. It is a wooden rack holding two horizontal wires with beads strung on them and was one of the best calculating machines until the seventeenth century (PBS‚ 1). In 1835‚ English inventor‚ Charles Babbage came up with the idea of the Analytical Machine‚ a general purpose‚ fully programmed-controlled‚ automatic mechanical digital
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History of Computers Glenn G. Fabia Department of Computer Science Ateneo de Naga University A typical computer operation back when computers were people. Counting Tables History of Computers 2 A Modern Day Abacus (Oldest surviving‚ 300 B.C) Note how the abacus is really just a representation of the human fingers: the 5 lower rings on each rod represent the 5 fingers and the 2 upper rings represent the 2 hands. History of Computers 3 Napier’s Bones In 1617 John Napier
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The history of computer development is often referred to in reference to the different generations of computing devices. A generation refers to the state of improvement in the product development process. This term is also used in the different advancements of new computer technology. With each new generation‚ the circuitry has gotten smaller and more advanced than the previous generation before it. As a result of the miniaturization‚ speed‚ power‚ and computer memory has proportionally increased
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Remington Rand company formed by the 1950 purchase of the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation‚ founded four years earlier by ENIAC inventors John Adam Presper Eckert Jr.‚ an American electrical engineer and computer pioneer and John William Mauchly‚ an American physicist. Eckert and Mauchly together invented the first general-purpose electronic digital computer‚ the ENIAC‚ and pioneered fundamental computer concepts including stored programming‚ subroutines and programming languages. The UNIVAC was
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An examination of Philadelphia during the World War II years (1939-1945) reveals that the city of brotherly love even though still deeply divided racially‚ socially‚ and politically could come together as a united front to help support war efforts during World War II. Prior to World War II‚ Philadelphia was a thriving city looking to validate its economic importance in America. Industrialization had transformed the city’s ecological environment as well as the city’s economic and social outlook
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the 1930s. During the 1950s and the ’60s‚ electronic desktop calculators came up. Analog computational technologies predominated this period. | 1940 - 1960 | This span of time witnessed the emergence of the digital computing technology. Zuse Z3‚ ENIAC and EDSAC were some of the early digital computers. * First-generation computers were based on the von Neumann architecture. * The second generation computers were characterized by the replacement of vacuum tube by bipolar transistors. They were
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References: Burks‚ A. W.‚ and A. R. Burks. 1981. The ENIAC: First general-purpose electronic computer. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 3 (4): 310–399. Conway‚ R. W.‚ B. M. Johnson‚ and W. L. Maxwell. 1959. Some problems of digital systems simulation. Management Science 6 (1): 92–110.Conway‚ R. W.
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Computer Literacy For over fifty years‚ beginning with the famous ENIAC‚ a revolution has been taking place in the United States and the world. The personal computer has changed the way many people think and live. With its amazing versatility‚ it has found its way into every area of life‚ and knowing how to operate it is a requirement for today’s world. Those who have not taken the time to learn about computers often do not even know what to do once one has been turned on‚ and this problem
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and reliability was a problem with vacuum tubes. For example‚ the first general-purpose electronic computer‚ ENIAC‚ had approximately 18‚000 vacuum tubes‚ which occupied several large rooms and required so much power that could light ten homes. The vacuum tube generates large amounts of heat in order to boil out electrons and often burned out after thousands hours of use. In the case of ENIAC‚ several tubes burned out almost every two days‚ leaving it non-functional about half the time. For applications
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effective way of killing bacteria. Eckert and Mauchly During the Second World War the Us Navy were looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their artillery shells. Eckert‚ an engineer‚ and Mauchly‚ a physicist produced the world’s first computer. Eniac was huge. When it was turned on‚ the lights in the local town went dim. Watson and Crick In 1953‚ Watson and Crick published their model of the DNA molecule. As a result‚ the so-called “genome” for human beings was discovered. The four chemicals
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