RETAINED EARNINGS CHAPTER 19 DEFINITION: Retained Earnings represents the cumulative balance of: Periodic net income or loss Dividend distribution Prior periodic errors Changes in accounting policy‚ and Other capital adjustments The illustrative statements of financial position and statement of changes in equity in IAS 1 and IAS 8 still maintain the title “retained earnings” 2 KINDS OF RETAINED EARNINGS Unappropriated Appropriated UNAPPROPRIATED RETAINED EARNINGS Represent
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still being raised concerning the collapse of Enron. The aftermath of Enron’s fall has brought review of the actions that took place prior to the collapse. Many of these questions may be left unanswered. The company’s executive management‚ board of directors‚ and auditors hold the responsibility for the ultimate collapse of a once dominant force in the energy industry. Team A developed several options in a plan that could have possibly helped Enron avoid their demise. The plan is designed to
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Ethical decision making: A dilemma Ethical issues have greatly transformed in our lives since the great Enron‚ Xerox and other huge corporations proposed big profits showing earnings of billions of dollars and yet in reality facing bankruptcy. These corporations faced great trouble with the federals and state for manipulating financial statements. But not only corporations can be blamed on this‚ accounting firms were involved in this as much as the corporations were. With the business stand
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Evaluate the auditor’s role in the certification of the financial statements and conclude whether its work is effective in preventing major scandals on the lines of Enron and Worldcom. 1.0 ABSTRACT 2.0 ENRON-CORPORATE FIASCOS 3.0 HOW DID THE AUDITORS FAIL TO CATCH PROBLEMS AT ENRON? 4.0 HOW TO PREVENT RECURRENCE OF ENRON? 5.0 NEW RESPONSIBILITIES OF AUDITORS ACCORDING TO SARBANES-OXLEY ACT 2002 6.0 CONCLUSION 7.0 REFERENCES 1.0 ABSTRACT The responsibility of an auditor is to express
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Response to organizations in art or entertainment (Enron‚ the Smartest Guys in the Room‚ 2005) Introduction There is a proverb “too good‚ to be true”‚ and it means the same‚ that some things are too great‚ to be real. In business world‚ it is often used to describe market conditions or companies under unbelievable success. Although‚ there were not too many companies that would fit the saying Enron was one of them. In a period of sixteen years‚ Enron’s value grew from 10 to 70 billion dollars
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Introduction Job quality is a multi-faceted and worker-centered concept that consists of the set of job characteristics fostering the wellbeing of workers (Pocock and Skinner‚ 2012; Green‚ 2005). In recent years‚ the concern about job quality has increased significantly in worldwide. Although it is controversial that whether the job quality has been improved or not‚ there is no doubt that the creation of good jobs could result in beneficial outcomes. Therefore‚ it is meaningful to get a comprehensive
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Enron is a company that specializes in energy and power industry. They provide gas‚ oil‚ and electrical services worldwide. These comprise wholesale services‚ retail energy services‚ broadband services‚ and transportation services. They have reported revenues of $100.789billion‚ $40.112billion‚ and $31.260 billion for the years 2000‚ 1999‚ and 1998 respectively. This is a growth of 151.3% from year 1999 to 2000 and 28.3% from 1998 to 1999. This is unparalleled in the relatively stable energy business
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Cost and Quality AnalysisTiffany GrattonGrand Canyon University College of NursingEthics‚ Policy‚ and Finance in the Health Care SystemNUR 508Kris BoivinDecember 18‚ 2013Cost and Quality AnalysisQuality and Cost Both cost containment and quality improvement are critical topics related to healthcare. Unfortunately‚ the relationship between the two remains controversial and poorly understood. On one hand it is argued that increasing quality would cause an increase in cost and vice versa decreased
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UNIVERSITY OF GHANA BUSINESS SCHOOL MBA: ACCOUTING THEORY 1 – (ADMN 631) LECTURE: JAMES KWAME OTIEKU A PRESENTATION ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION BY EMMANUEL MENSAH ID NO: 10328957 AND PETER OPATA NYAKO ID NO: 10329653 1st October 2009 EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Introduction Accounting standards define the accounting language that management uses to communicate with the firm’s external stakeholders. By creating a framework
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A CASE STUDY ON ENRON CORPORATE FRAUD (2001) Submitted by: AMIT SHARMA PGDM (016)/09-11 What is FRAUD? In the broadest sense‚ a fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual. The specific legal definition varies by legal jurisdiction. Fraud is a crime‚ and is also a civil law violation. Many hoaxes are fraudulent‚ although those not made for personal gain are not technically frauds. Defrauding people of money is presumably the most common type
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