Introduction Enthalpy change‚ ΔH‚ is defined as the heat output of a system as it goes through a reaction under constant pressure. It is an important aspect of thermochemistry‚ which is the study of energy changes during a chemical or physical reaction . When we calculate enthalpy change‚ we always assume that the pressure is constant. We are able to calculate enthalpy change numerous ways‚ notably by the increase in heat‚ Q‚ given by an exothermic reaction or the heat absorbed by an endothermic
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(I)—and an unknown solution to determine which ions are present and which are absent. II. DISCUSSION: The chlorides of Pb2+‚ Hg22+ and Ag+ are all insoluble in cold water. They can be removed as a group from solution by the addition of HCl. The reactions that occur are simple precipitations and can be represented by the equations: Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) → AgCl(s) (1) Pb2+ (aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) → PbCl2(s) (2) Hg22+ (aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) → Hg2Cl2(s) (3) It is important to add enough HCl to ensure
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Thermochemistry: An Ice Calorimeter Determination of Reaction Enthalpy Curtis M. Franklin Thursday‚ February 14‚ 2013 ABSTRACT An ice calorimetric measurement was used to determine that a reaction involving solid magnesium metal and 1.00M sulfuric acid produces an experimental a value of ∆H = -226 ± 28 kJ/mol at 0°C. This is about 48.4% lower than the expected value reported at 25°C. Introduction Many chemical reactions exhibit themselves by exchanging heat energy‚ either be absorbing
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Experiment ENTHALPY AND ENTROPY OF ZINC WITH COPPER SULFATE The CCLI Initiative Computers in Chemistry Laboratory Instruction LEARNING OBJECTIVES The learning objectives of this experiment are to. . . ! ! determine changes in enthalpy and entropy of the reaction of zinc with copper sulfate using two methods: electrochemistry and calorimetry. compare the enthalpy values obtained by the two methods. BACKGROUND Thermodynamics is concerned with energy changes that occur in chemical and physical process
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end points and with the readings from the pH meter; we can get the equivalence points. In part I of the lab‚ the primary standard was the potassium hydrogen phthalate and the secondary standard was the sodium hydroxide solution. The differences between the two standards is that the primary standard‚ potassium hydrogen phthalate is a weak acid that reacts with NaOH compared to the secondary standard‚ sodium hydroxide that is basic and hygroscopic‚ meaning it absorbs moisture from the air. It was
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Effects of the equivalence ratio‚ the hydrogen initial content and the pressure on the structure of ammonia flames C. Duynslaegher1‚ H. Jeanmart2 and J. Vandooren1 1Laboratoire 2Unité catherineduynslaegher@uclouvain.be de Physico-Chimie de la Combustion‚ Place Louis Pasteur n° 1 de Thermodynamique et Turbomachines‚ Place du Levant n° 2 Université Catholique de Louvain - 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve - Belgium Aim of this Study In the race for alternative fuels‚ the hydrogen solution is highly advocated
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Lab: STOICHIOMETRY The reaction of Iron with Copper(II) Sulfate Purpose: In this experiment we will use stoichiometric principles to deduce the appropriate equation for the reaction between metallic iron and a solution of copper (II) sulfate. This reaction produces metallic copper‚ which is seen precipitating as a finely divided red power. Materials: Flask beaker Copper solution Balance Hot plate •150 ml beaker •1 gram of iron power
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Section Assignment 3.4 Part F – The Reaction of Iron Nails with a Copper Solution Introduction: The experiment in this activity involves the reaction between a copper (II) chloride solution with iron nails and the mole ratios involved in the reaction. Measurements are taken to determine the moles of each reactant involved in the reaction and thus the number of atoms or molecules involved. Apparatus and Materials: Refer to the reaction of iron nails with a copper solution assignment in Module 3
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Plan: Aim: The enthalpy change of combustion of a fuel is a measure of the energy transferred when one mole of fuel burns completely. A value for the enthalpy change can be obtained by using the burning fuel to heat water and using fact that 4.2j of energy are required to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1oC. In this investigation my aim is to find the enthalpy change of combustion of a number of alcohols so that I can investigate how and why the enthalpy change is affected by the molecular
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Impacts of Ammonia Ammonia impacts both the environment and human health. * Environmental Impacts * Human Health Impacts Environmental Impacts When in gaseous form‚ ammonia has a short atmospheric lifetime of about 24 hours and usually deposits near its source . In particulate form ammonia can travel much further impacting a larger area. Both gaseous and particulate ammonia contribute to eutrophication of surface waters‚ soil acidification‚ fertilization of vegetation‚ changes in ecosystems
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