effect of citric and buffered lactic acids on the flavour of hard-boiled sweets and the effect of acids on various flavours in high temperature applications. Introduction Materials and Methods An amount of water‚ sugar and glucose syrup of 30g‚ 100g and 70g were weighed respectively into a stainless steel pot. The mixture was then heated and removed immediately from the induction cooker after reaching the desired temperature of 145˚C. Flavours of 0.51g and acid of 1.20g was added immediately afterwards
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calculations of enthalpies so far have involved covalent substances. Now we need to look at the enthalpy changes involved in the formation of giant ionic lattices. Lattice enthalpy is defined as either the: ’the enthalpy change that occurs when one mole of a solid ionic crystal is broken into its ions in the gaseous state‚ at standard temperature and pressure. Because all the bonds in the ionic lattice are broken‚ it is an endothermic process‚ ∆H is positive. ’ The IB uses this definition.
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Determination of Reaction Enthalpy Shannon Wedepohl 9/17/13 Abstract: During this experiment‚ an ice calorimeter was used to measure the change in volume in milliliters of magnesium metal and 1.00 M of sulfuric acid. We found the experimental molar enthalpy of the reaction to be ∆H = -370 ± 1 kJ/mol at 0˚C. This compares with an expected value of -466.9 kJ/mol at 25 ˚C‚ a 20.75% difference. Introduction: Many chemical reactions truly only encompass changes by exchanging heat
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Water Quality and Contamination Melody McBride SCI-207 Dependence of man on the environment Robin Glenn September 28‚ 2014 Abstract The lab was conducted at the McBride residence. For this experiment vegetable oil‚ vinegar and liquid detergent was use to contaminate the water. Testing of how ground water is affected by different contaminants was the bases of the experiment. The results were interesting in that when vinegar is filtered through dirt it came out fairly clean‚ it also
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CHEM111AC‚ Experiment#9 - Ionic Reactions Discussion/Error Analysis In the first part of this experiment‚ the student was presented with 7 unique and unidentified bottles of solutions labeled A-G and was expected to be able to analyze the 7 solutions through trial and error and mixing them with one another. For solution A: mixing A + B formed a precipitate‚ A + C generated heat‚ A + D gave no reaction‚ A + E gave no reaction‚ A + F gave no reaction‚ A + G formed a precipitate. For solution B: mixing
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Chemical and Physical Changes Derrick Davis Lab partner: None Location: My house Date Performed 25 Feb 15; 1600 CHE111-CO2 Photo 1 (Photo of me properly wearing safety goggles holding the student information card) Abstract: In chemistry it is important to understand the difference between physical and chemical changes. The objective of this experiment was to perform tests using heat or chemical mediators and observe the results for any physical or chemical changes. Various materials were
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The effect on the pH of Distilled water‚ Potato Solution and Commercial Buffer‚ when Hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) and Sodium Hydroxide (0.1 mol/L) is added Mahima Mandava Mrs. Haist September 23rd‚ 2014 SBI4U1 Background Information: The pH is the measurement of how acidic or how basic a substance can be. The pH scale is used to measure how acidic or basic a living cell can be. The pH scale ranges from 0-14; 0-6 being acidic‚ 8-14 being basic and 7 being neutral. There are many factors
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The purpose of the Weak Acid Dissociation experiment is to determine the dissociation constant of a weak acid experimentally by using acid-base titration with a strong base and stoichiometry. An acid-base titration is a method by which a basic (or acidic) solution of unknown concentration is reacted with an acidic (or basic) solution of known concentration. (1) The pH in acid-base titration is measured using a pH meter or color changing indicator‚ such as phenolphthalein‚ as the known solution is
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Chemical Reactions Lab Objectives: 1. To examine a variety of reactions including precipitation‚ acid-base‚ gas forming‚ and oxidation-reduction reactions. 2. To identify the products formed in these reactions and summarize the chemical changes in terms of balanced chemical equations and net ionic equations. 3. To identify the species being oxidized and reduced in oxidation-reduction reactions and determine which species is the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. Chemical equations represent
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The purpose of the lab was to find out the chemical elements based on the color of the flame that elements make by their reaction. The work we completed in the lab was testing the chemical effects of the flame from the chemicals. We tested different elements and wrote down our observations. I accomplished the knowledge of testing chemicals and making responses based on our observations.Electrons are the particles found in the chemicals that may be responsible for the production of colored light.
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