Christina Park 2/14/12 pd.3 Chapter 11 Notes I. Measuring Matter A. Counting Particles number of unit for counting is always constant. a. What is a mole? mole (mol): the SI unit used to measure the amount of a substance‚ number of representative particles. representative particle: any kind of particle such as atoms‚ molecules‚ formula units‚ electrons‚ or ions. Avogadro’s number: 6.022 136 7 x 10²³‚ volume of one mole of a gas determined by Amedeo Avagadro in 1811. B. Converting
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Compound Katie Sanders Science Block 3 February 29‚ 2012 Title: Analysis of a Hydrated Crystalline Compound Purpose: The purpose of our experiment was to determine the amount of water in copper sulfate pentahydrate expressed as a percent. Hypothesis: I think that bluestone crystals are 20% water‚ because it’s called pentahydrate (penta means five) and 1/5 of 100 (since it’s expressed as a percent) is 20‚ so I think bluestone crystals are
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cylinder {± 0.5cm³} • Different chemicals Introduction/Theory: Exothermic reactions are those reactions that release energy in the form of heat. Endothermic reactions need to absorb energy in the form of heat to proceed. Enthalpy is the heat content of a substance. Enthalpy change is positive for an endothermic reaction‚ as energy is absorbed {for example in the form of heat absorbed‚ the test-tube becomes cool to touch} and negative in the case of exothermic reactions {the test-tube becomes warm/hot
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lowest out of the 3 trials at 1.68 volts‚ thus proving that the higher concentration the lower the voltage. When the concentration of the product decreases‚ it will drive the equilibrium to the right to minimize the impact. Although‚ the lowest calculation (0.5 mol dm-3) is not necessarily the highest out of all 3 trials‚ it is not far off from 1 molar solution‚ only 0.2 Volts. The system’s attempt to remain at equilibrium by minimizing the impact‚ refers to le Châtelier’s Principle. The voltage is
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reaction. Copper(II) oxide will be synthesized from a known mass of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. Using the relationship of the balanced equation‚ and other stoichiometry relationships‚ you will calculate a theoretical yield of CuO‚ and your actual yield. You then will calculate a percent yield. Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate will be dissolved in water and reacted using a double replacement reaction with sodium hydroxide. The addition of hydroxide ions to a solution containing copper(II) ions
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by the molar mass. Experiment 1 First I took a crucible‚ a balance‚ and a Bunsen burner and placed them onto the workbench. Then I measured the mass of the empty crucible with the balance and recorded it in my notes. Next I added 5 g of the copper sulfate hydrate to the crucible. I measured the mass of the crucible with the balance and recorded it in my notes. Then I moved the crucible onto the Bunsen burner and
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Purpose- To determine the change in enthalpy for four reactions using calorimetry and Hess’s Law Procedures: A. Calibration of the Calorimeter 1. Obtain two copper cylinders and a Styrofoam cup with lid from your lab instructor. Check out a digital thermometer display from the storeroom window. 2. Set up a hot water bath using a 600mL beaker‚ ring stand‚ and Bunsen burner. Weigh the two copper cylinders to the nearest 0.01 grams. Carefully place the two copper cylinders in a 25mL test tube. Place
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anhydrous salt. 8. Pour and scrape the anhydrous salt into trash‚ and clean up. Make sure to wash crucible with soap. Results & Calculations Data: Mass of empty crucible: 32.67 grams Mass of crucible and hydrate: 34.1 grams Mass of crucible and anhydrous salt: trial 1 (33.93g); trial 2 (33.51); trial 3 (33.51) Mass of water: 0.59g Mass of anhydrous salt: 0.84g Calculations: Water: 0.59g/18=0.033; 0.033/0.00526= 6.27 Anhydrous Salt: 0.84/159.61= 0.00526; 0.00526/0.00526=1 Coefficient of H20: 6 Percent
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paper | 1.8g | Mass of salicylic acid | 2.5g | Calculation of percent salicylic acid in original mixture | 100% | CUSO₄.H₂O crystallization Mass of weighing paper + CUSO₄.5H₂O | 5.3g | Mass of weighing paper | 0.4g | Mass of CUSO₄.5H₂O | 4.9g | Calculation of percent CUSO₄.5H₂O in original mixture | 196% | Calculation %of S.A= M OF S.A/2.5G % of S.A= 2.5g/2
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which depends only on state of system not upon path is called state function eg. P‚ V‚ T‚ E‚ H‚ S etc. 4. Extensive & Intensive Properties: Properties which depends on quantity of matter called extensive prop. eg. mass‚ volume‚ heat capacity‚ enthalpy‚ entropy etc. The properties which do not depends on matter present depends upon nature of substance called Intensive properties. eg. T‚P‚ density‚ refractive index‚ viscosity‚ bp‚ pH‚ mole fraction etc. 5. Internal energy: The total energy
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