Enzymes are catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions organisms‚ allowing cells to break or build things instantly. The structure of an enzyme is essential to its function. Enzymes are proteins‚ made up of 100-1000 amino acids bonded together in chains. These chains are folded/coiled into a unique 3-D structure that allows them to bind to a reactant‚ called a substrate at an active site. Enzymes are flexible‚ and therefore can change it’s shape to better accommodate its substrate; this
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Omar Shbeeb Toothpick Enzyme Lab 9/25/13 Introduction Enzymes are used in all metabolic reactions to control the rate of reactions and decrease the amount of energy necessary for the reaction to take place. They are responsible for the thousands of chemical interconversions that sustain life. Enzymes are referred to highly selective catalysts‚ meaning they speed up the rate of metabolic reactions. To react‚ they need to find a perfect match with a substrate. They converge at a place called an
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Effect of Concentration‚ pH and Temperature on Enzyme Activity Biology For Majors October 4‚ 2012 Abstract We examined the reaction an enzyme has when its concentration‚ pH and temperature are altered. In order to do this‚ we added different levels of pH into different test tubes with the enzyme (sucrose)‚ and substrate (sucrose)‚ and we then inverted the tube. The higher pH produced more enzyme activity. Temperature effects enzyme activity by decreasing its stability when the temperature
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Roy Levin Bio 11 Lab Dr.Izquierdo Analysis of Macromolecules in Tissue Homogenates of Bos taurusMaterials and Methods The homogenates provided were made by homogenizing tissues in a sucrose phosphate buffer in a 1:20 ratio. The protein concentration in bovine cells was measured by diluting the homogenate with a 1:5 ratio; 50 microliters of homogenate and 200 microliters of water. Then 5 known protein concentration samples which were 0.4‚ 0.8‚ 1.2‚ 1.6‚ 2.0 mg/ml of bovine serum were used to
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cheese. Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)‚ a bacteria that can be found in the production of cheese‚ its stress gene was investigated in the experiment by using various biochemical and genetic techniques to identify and extract. The characterisation of the strain illustrates how identification of strains differ using different methods‚ such as gram stain and 16s rRNA screening. After the characterisation‚ the stress gene isolation assist the further understanding of the gene on LAB be giving different stress
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Investigation on Effects of Different pH on Enzyme Activity How does the different pH buffers affect activity of potato enzyme/extract? Introduction: Proteins are polymers that are made up of smaller units/monomers called amino acids. There are 20 different types of amino acids‚ thus make up many different combinations in types‚ numbers of amino acids as well as their orders – an explanantion for why there are so many proteins. Every protein‚ due to various reactions of amino acids to each
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This lab is adapted from the canned denatured pineapple experiment. Instead of investigating the effect of canning on enzyme activity‚ we look for the presence of the substrate. This is a useful teaching lab for all the criteria and requires very few resources. Background Information: Gelatin is made from a protein called collagen which comes from the joints of animals. Gelatin may be dissolved in hot water. As the dissolved gelatin mixture cools‚ the collagen forms into a matrix that
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Enzymatic activities of bioactive washing powder Title: Investigation of the amalyse activity f bioactive washing powder Objective: To investigate the amalyse activity of the two brands of bioactive washing powder – “Super clean” and “Magic power”. Principal: Amalyse can catalyse the breakdown of starch into maltose. In this practical‚ solutions of the 2 washing powders will be filled into 2 identical wells on the starch agar plate separately. Starch will be broken down by the amylase disused
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2014 Biology 1 Cellular Processes Lab Section 903 Tianna Clarke Materials and Methods Part I – Restriction Enzyme Digestion To begin this experiment‚ the DNA molecules must be cut into smaller fragments with distinct enzymes called Restriction Enzymes through a process called Restriction Enzyme Digestion. Four microtest tubes were labeled 1 through 4 and added 10 µl of Enzyme Reaction Buffer to each of the four reaction tubes using a micropipette. DNA‚ and Enzyme 1 and 2‚ were then added to the
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Research Question How will the addition of different pH buffers to amylase affect the rate of starch digestion measured using starch and iodine? Introduction Amylase is an enzyme found in human saliva and pancreas. It is the digestive enzyme that is needed to breakdown starch molecules. Amylase must be kept at certain conditions to function at its optimum level. This experiment will explore the effect of pH (1‚ 4‚ 7‚ 10‚ and 14) on the function of amylase by using starch and iodine. Usually
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