can affect the optimum operation of enzymes. These condition include temperature‚ enzyme concentration‚ substrate concentration‚ acidity‚ salinity‚ and any present activators/inhibitors. In this particular lab‚ temperature was the environmental factor studied. More specifically‚ the enzyme catalase and its substrate hydrogen peroxide were tested under different temperatures. It was discovered that‚ temperature can affect the optimum operation of enzymes; The enzyme catalase has an optimum operation
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that loses its terminal phosphate becomes ADP. 6. ADP has two phosphates. 7. ATP can be resynthesized from an ADP by the process called phosphorylation. 8. Without enough ATP‚ cells quickly die. C. Glycolysis 1. Glycolysis is a series of ten enzymes-catalyzed reactions that break down the 6-carbon glucose molecule into two 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules. 2. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm. 3. Glycolysis is referred to as the anaerobic phase of
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Biology coursework The aim of this experiment is to investigate the affect of pH on the enzyme amylase. The amylase is used to break down the polysaccharide starch. Amylase is a digestive enzyme classified as a saccharidase (an enzyme that cleaves polysaccharides). It is mainly a constituent of pancreatic juice and saliva‚ needed for the breakdown of long-chain carbohydrates (such as starch) into smaller units. Amylase is also synthesized in the fruit of many plants during ripening‚ causing them
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change – negative test 12. Nitrate Reduction Enzyme – nitrate redactase Positive control- E.coli Pink color- positive No pink – negative 13. Starch hydrolysis (iodine)‚ test for enzyme laminase Positive control- B. subtillus Zone of clearing- positive test No zone of clearing – negative test 14. Fat hydrolysis‚ test for enzyme lipase Positive control – S.aureus Dark blue – positive test No dark blue- negative test 15. Casein Hydrolysis‚ enzyme caseinase Positive control – B. subtilus Positive-
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The energy of activation is the minimum amount of energy needed to initiate a reaction. In this lab‚ we find this important because different enzymes reach the energy of activation for applesauce‚ and some do not. An enzyme is a molecule that helps initiate a chemical reaction. A catalyst‚ an enzyme‚ decreases the amount of energy the body needs to produce to break down molecules faster. On the other hand‚ the substrate‚ or reactant‚ is the molecule that is being acted upon and is being broken down
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humans‚ is enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into simpler compounds. Its enzymatic activity is affected by several factors‚ such as temperature and pH. The rates of enzymatic activity of salivary amylase in different temperatures and pH were measured and resulted to be very near 50 C and 7 respectively. However‚ due to some errors that were committed‚ the expected optimum temperature was not achieved. Introduction Of all biomolecules found in the cells and organisms‚ the enzymes‚ because
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ABSTRACT Enzymes are highly specific and can distinguish isomers of the same molecule. The enzyme invertase specifically catalyzes the reaction of the conversion of sucrose to its individual carbohydrates glucose and fructose. It does not catalyse the reaction of maltose to 2 glucose or lactose to galactose. In this experiment‚ titrimetric and spectrophotometric methods were used to determine the specificity of invertase by determining the amount of glucose converted from the given disaccharides
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Short answer questions – generally complex by their nature and require knowledge and integration of several different concepts 1. Explain what are the end goals of reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Outline the steps both procedures share and the step(s) specific for each procedure. • Reproductive Cloning- Reproductive cloning is a type of cloning which is performed for the purpose of creating a duplicate copy of another organism. It is accomplished using a process called somatic cell
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9.2 Maintaining A Balance 1. Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range. | | * Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism‚ describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their specificity on subrates. | * Role of enzymes in the metabolism:Biological catalysts that control all chemical reactions within the body. They are specific to one action. | | * Chemical composition:Catalysts produced by cells made up of proteins (linked amino acids)
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temperature conditions. Introduction Before doing research on amylases‚ an explanation of enzymes is needed to fully understand each part of the experiment. An enzyme is a protein that helps speed up a chemical reaction (Raven‚ 2011). An enzyme is a catalyst‚ which is made by living cells; usually enzymes assist in developing the metabolic process of cells (Underkofler et al‚ 1958). The way in which enzymes speed up the chemical reaction is by lowering the activation
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