Lambda DNA with restriction enzymes. Aim: The objectives of this experiment are: Become more familiar with using micropipettes. Use restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sites. Use Ligase to rejoin some of the cut/separated DNA fragments. Learn to separate DNA using electrophoresis. Introduction: Restriction enzymes are proteins which cut dsDNA at specific regions depending on the enzyme used‚ determined by the nucleotide sequence of the DNA‚ i.e. each enzyme recognises specific nucleic
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College General Biology I Enzymes‚ test for effect of pH on catalase activity Purpose The main purpose of this experiment was to learn about enzymes and how to test for the effect of pH on catalase activity and to be able to tell if a reaction is an exergonic or endergonic process. Introduction Enzymes are made from amino acids‚ which are made from proteins. In order to make an enzyme‚ hundreds of amino acids are strung together in a very specific and unique order and eventually is folded
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and Measure of Enzymes Activity Abstract This experiment investigates the effect that temperature has on the rate of activity of enzyme β-galactosidase and also the rate of β-galactosidase activity in different concentration of substrate over time. Ο-nitrophenylgalactoside (ONPG) is used as a substrate for β-galactosidase. A spectrophotometer is used to detect the change in colour of the substrate. Results show that increase in temperature up to 50oC speeds up the rate of enzyme activity and any
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(Justification-2 Enzyme Inhibition) By quantitative balance‚ the total amount of Enzyme is [E] 0= [E] + [EI] + [ES] + [ESI]. By using a=1+[I]/KI and a′=1+[I]/K′I‚ it is followed by [E]0=[E]a+[ES]a′ This equation can be written like this‚ [E]0=(Km[ES])/([S]0)a + [ES]a′=[ES]( aKm/[S}0+a’)‚ because of Km=[E][S]/[ES] and [S]≈[S]0. V=kb [ES] =kb [E] 0/ (aKm/[s] 0+a’). Kb [E] 0 is Vmax. This is why V=Vmax/(a^’+aKm/[S]0). This equation can be rearranged like this‚ 1/V= a’/Vmax+(aKm/Vmax)1/[S]0‚ which is
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Observing Enzyme Activity Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to test whether the pH affected the enzyme reaction rate. Hypothesis: If the enzyme is in a basic solution‚ then it will react faster because the enzyme (catalase) reacts better in basic solutions. Materials: 10 potato cubes (1 cm3) -Pipet Baking soda solution -50 ml glass beaker Bleach Water Lemon juice Vinegar 5 glass test tubes Drying rack Timer Graduated cylinder Hydrogen peroxide Procedure:
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The Activity Of The Enzyme Catalase A Level Biology Project Aims This is an experiment to examine how the concentration of the substrate hydrogen peroxide affects the rate of reaction of the enzyme catalase. Background Information Enzymes such as Catalase are protein molecules which are found in living cells. They are used to speed up specific reactions in the cells. They are all very specific as each enzyme just performs one particular reaction. Catalase is an enzyme found in food such as
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Determination of the Activation Energy of an Enzyme Catalysed Reaction PRACTICAL Report & Criterion Reference Grid * The expected sequence and details required for your practical report are outlined below. Please follow them closely‚ as they will facilitate the production of a structured report. * An introduction giving a synopsis of the experiment and the importance of rates of reaction and activation energy. This section should also state the aim of the practical (0.50-page) – 5 marks
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How Enzymes work in the home and in industry essay This essay aims to explore the ways on how enzymes are used in home and in industry‚ and it aims to explain the advantages and disadvantages of using enzymes in the home and industry. An enzyme is a protein that is formed by the body that acts as a catalyst to cause a certain desired reaction. Enzymes are very specific. Each enzyme is designed to initiate a specific response with a specific result. Firstly‚ the AQA Science Biology textbook published
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Investigation on Effects of Different pH on Enzyme Activity How does the different pH buffers affect activity of potato enzyme/extract? Introduction: Proteins are polymers that are made up of smaller units/monomers called amino acids. There are 20 different types of amino acids‚ thus make up many different combinations in types‚ numbers of amino acids as well as their orders – an explanantion for why there are so many proteins. Every protein‚ due to various reactions of amino acids to each
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experiment is to test the effect temperature has on the activity of the enzyme rennin. Hypothesis: I believe the rate of reaction will speed up as the temperature increases until it reaches about 37oC‚ which is the body temperature‚ where it will begin to slow down and stop reacting. I believe this will occur because enzymes have a temperature range at which they work best in and once the temperature goes out of this range the enzyme will stop working. Introduction:Enzymes are made up of proteins which
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