temperature conditions. Introduction Before doing research on amylases‚ an explanation of enzymes is needed to fully understand each part of the experiment. An enzyme is a protein that helps speed up a chemical reaction (Raven‚ 2011). An enzyme is a catalyst‚ which is made by living cells; usually enzymes assist in developing the metabolic process of cells (Underkofler et al‚ 1958). The way in which enzymes speed up the chemical reaction is by lowering the activation
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Cell Biology- Osmosis‚ Cell Size and Diffusion and Enzymes 1.0 INTRODUCTION Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. They provide structure for the body‚ take in nutrients from the food‚ convert those nutrients into energy‚ and carry out specialized functions. Cells also contain the body’s genetic material and can make copies of themselves. A cell is also a metabolic compartment where many different chemical reaction occur. There are two types of cells‚ eukaryotic and prokaryotic
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SPM Biology – Answering Techniques in Paper 3 SPM Biology candidates typically commit the mistake of thinking that the length of their answered essay or structured questions equates to marks deserve‚ under the formula‚ Length of Structure Answer/Essay = Marks. This is wrong and Berry Berry Easy wishes to clear the air regarding this issue. It is never about how long you write but more about how accurate you write. So for Berry Readers who can write long answers but never seemed to score well‚
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The optimum temperature for amylase production was found to be 37°C. Amylase production occurred at pH 3.0-9.0 with a maximum at pH 5.0. The best enzyme activity was observed at pH 6.0 and temperature 70°C. Key Words: Bacillus sp; solid culture; α-amylase. Alpha amylase (EC3.2.1.1‚ 1‚4alpha-D-glucan-glucanohydrolase) is an extracellular enzyme‚ which is involved in the starch processing industries where it breaks starch down into simple sugar constituents (Reddy et al.‚ 2003; Asgher et
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INTRODUCTION: Osmosis is defined as the net movement of water or any other solutions molecules from a region in which they are highly concentrated to a region in which they are less concentrated. This movement must take place across a partially permeable membrane such as a cell wall‚ which lets smaller molecules such as water through but does not allow bigger molecules to pass through. The molecules will continue to diffuse until the area in which the molecules are found reaches a state of equilibrium
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“Explore the way that Kay portrays family relationships in Trumpet. In what way does this theme relate to the struggle for identity?” Joss Moody the protagonist of Jackie Kay’s novel Trumpet lived in a world full of contrasts – internally Josephine but to all who knew him the famous trumpet player Joss. Having to deal with so much contrast so close to home can make a person wonder who is right and what to believe leaving them struggling to figure out who they are amongst it all. Being that the novel
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Dear Sir‚ I purchased a copy of The Daily Telegraph on 16th July 2008 and read your article “ Think before you ink”. I read the article with an open mind so as not to judge. Clearly you did not have the same sentiment. Within the subtitle you decided to slate tattoos‚ and a variety of celebrities with them. I was amazed that you said “doesn’t make it classy‚attractive or wise” since it was a very strong and unfounded opinion. I was equally appalled by the rude and negative language towards these
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Waking up this morning‚ the bright spring sunshine shone through my window. In less than an hour‚ I was ready for school and heading towards the bus stop. Walking in the direction of the main road‚ I caught a glimpse of my bus and hurriedly increased my walking speed. Feeling triumphant about catching the bus‚ I dug my hand in my blazer pocket and fetched my oyster card. The triple beep of my oyster card embarrassed me‚ but I took no notice and strolled into the bus. I fixed my eyes on a comfortable-looking
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Measurement of Enzymatic Activity of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Nicole Tallian Dan Lappe‚ Dan Ahmadizadeh‚ Francesca Iacono Jason O’Rawe Bio 204 L60 10/8/11 Introduction The most important enzyme for muscle and nerve movement is acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (Zapletalova). An enzymes job is to attach to one of the reactants‚ or the substrate‚ and lower the biochemical activation energies. AChE uses hydrolysis to break down the neurotransmitter acetylchoine (ACh). This neurotransmitter
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Experiment 9. The action of saliva on starch Study the flow chart on p. 9.02 for a few minutes to gain an idea of the outline of the experiment. (a) Prepare a water bath by using a Bunsen burner to heat some water in a beaker on a tripod and gauze till it boils; then turn the flame down to keep the water just boiling. While waiting for the water to boil‚ carry on from (b). (b) Label eight test-tubes 1 - 8 and in tube 1 collect saliva as follows: (i) Thoroughly rinse the mouth with
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