like this; it dilates the pupil‚ accelerates the heartbeat then inhibits the digestion to the stomach‚ pancreas‚ and liver‚ in the pancreas the stimulation of glucose for the liver takes place; subsequently‚ moving on down to the secretion of the epinephrine‚ and norepinephrine; which in turn relaxes the bladder and stimulates ejection for the male. On the other hand‚ the parasympathetic nervous system is the calming part of the body‚ and it is as follows; the pupil contracts and slows down the heartbeat
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Chapter 11: Cell Communication Concept 11.1 External signals are converted to responses within the cell. I. Evolution of Cell Signaling 1. signal transduction pathway. a specific cellular response in a series of steps 2. signaling mechanisms first evolved in ancient prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes‚ then adopted for new uses 3. quorum sensing. allows bacterial populations to coordinate behaviors to carry out activities only productive when performed by a given number of cells
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the skeletal muscles they innervate. The ANS consists of a two-neuron chain. 3. The neurotransmitter released by the somatic motor neurons is acetylcholine‚ which always has an excitatory effect; the neurotransmitters released by the ANS are epinephrine and acetylcholine‚ and both may have either an excitatory or an
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1. What is metabolic absorption? “All the cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings. Cells of the intestine and the kidney are specialized to carry out absorption. Cells of the kidney tubules reabsorb fluids and synthesize proteins. Intestinal epithelial cells reabsorb fluids and synthesize protein enzymes” (McCance & Huether‚ pg. 2). 2. What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction? “Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain
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1. HIV- pathophysiology‚ risk factors‚ testing‚ patient teaching (pets)‚ sentinel infections‚ NNRTIs/PIs action‚ needlestick length of tx (4 weeks)‚ CD4 count Patho—retrovirus that integrates itself into the genetic material of a host cell‚ changing the proviral DNA and encoding structure‚ regulatory‚ and accessory proteins within the cell. Reverse transcriptase help the virus produce in the host cell. Signs & Symptoms—none‚ possibly flu-like. Patient Teaching—prevention of secondary infection
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Chapter 2 Brain and Behavior The cerebral cortex outer layer of the cerebrum has the two largest hemispheres that covers the upper part of the brain which are divided into smaller portion called lobes. Corticalization is an increase in size of the wrinkling of the cortex and without this we would not be any smarter than any other animal. Cerebral hemispheres are divided into right and left halves of the cortex connected by thick band axon fibers called corpus. Hemispheric specialization‚ testing
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CHAPTER 22 pg. 387 Care of Patients with Immune Function Excess: Hypersensitivity (Allergy) and Autoimmunity Hypersensitivities/Allergies Increased or excessive response to the presence of an antigen to which the patient has been exposed Degree of reaction ranging from uncomfortable to life threatening Classified into 5 basic types Type 1- Rapid Hypersensitivity Reactions-Most Common Type 2- Cytotoxic Reactions Type 3- Immune Complex Reactions Type 4- Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions
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DRUG | ACTION | INDICATION | CONTRAINDICATION | SIDE EFFECTS | NURSING RESPONSIBILITY | Ampicillin SulbactamUnasynClassifications:antiinfective; antibiotic; aminopenicillin Prototype: Ampicillin Pregnancy Category: B | Bactericidal action. Active against: Streptococci‚Penumococci‚Enterococci‚Haemophilus influenzae. Binds to bacteria cell wall‚ resulting in cell death‚ spectrum is broader than that of penicillin. Addition of sulbactam increases resistance to beta-lactamase‚ enzymes produced by
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Pheochromocytoma is a well-encapsulated‚ lobular‚ vascular tumor that can weigh less than 70 g‚ to 3600 g. It is made up of chromaffin tissue of the adrenal medulla or sympathetic par ganglia. The most apparent symptom‚ reflecting the increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine‚ is hypertension‚ which may be persistent or intermittent. Attacks may occur every few months or several times daily and typically last less than five minutes. Physical and emotional stresses can initiate an attack. As cancer
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Unit 4 This essay will demonstrate the range of provision for the children‚ demonstrate an ion initial understanding of the roles and responsibilities in keeping children safe‚ what is meant by professional practice. The principles and values that underpin keeping children safe and how to develop relevant study time and management skills. Every child deserves the best possible start in life with the opportunity to learn and develop in an environment that is both safe and secure. Parents who
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