Sir Karl Popper‚ challenging the status quo‚ inspiring generations to ponder on the meaning of science‚ the methods to find truth‚ is one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century. Of particular importance to scientific methods of inquiry is the brawl between the development of theory and the criteria for science. In Popper’s own words‚ it is in this brawl that Popper decided to “grapple with the problem: When should a theory be ranked as scientific? or Is there a criterion for the
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Hume vs. Kant: Causality Hume’s ultimate goal in his philosophic endeavors was to undermine abstruse Philosophy. By focusing on the aspect of reason‚ Hume shows there are limitations to philosophy. Since he did not know the limits‚ he proposed to use reason to the best of his ability‚ but when he came to a boundary‚ that was the limit. He conjectured that we must study reason to find out what is beyond the capability of reason. Hume began his first examination if the mind by
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Plato discusses theories of knowledge throughout his famous dialogue‚ the Theaetetus. He discusses many different ways of learning and attempts to define knowledge. Plato does this through a conversation between a few characters: Socrates‚ the famous philosopher; Theodorus‚ an aged friend and philosopher of Socrates; and Theaetetus‚ a young man who is introduced to Socrates before a discussion. One aspect of knowledge which they review is perception. It is defined and explained by
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Kant: Goodness The philosopher I used is Immanuel Kant. He was very practical in his thinking of goodness. A quote of his was "I ought‚ therefore I can". His view was good anything is under good will . He believed good will was the primary goodness‚ good in its purest form‚ and that it couldn’t be corrupted. Good feelings and good intentions and actions can be interpreted in different ways; man can corrupt these things into evil...even though it still might be good in that man’s eyes
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"I think‚ therefore I am" The statement "I think‚ therefore I am" lays the groundwork for Renè Descartes ’ argument in the Meditations. To understand this expression‚ one must put themselves in Descartes ’ place. He started off trying to figure what he can know with certainty. He examined a large body of knowledge and figured out that he cannot be certain of any knowledge at all. Beginning in Meditation Two‚ Descartes searches for the something that must be true no matter what. This led to the conclusion
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The Allegory Because of how we live‚ true reality is not obvious to most of us. However‚ we mistake what we see and hear for reality and truth. This is the basic premise for Plato’s Allegory of the Cave‚ in which prisoners sit in a cave‚ chained down‚ watching images cast on the wall in front of them. They accept these views as reality and they are unable to grasp their overall situation: the cave and images are a ruse‚ a mere shadow show orchestrated for them by unseen men. At some point‚
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Philosophy and Ethics Assessment: Critical Analysis of Plato’s the Good Defining the Good according to Plato is not an easy undertaking. The best approach to understanding the Good is to first understand it as a Form‚ and then define Plato’s theory of Forms. From there is possible to gain insight of the Good as a Form and its theoretical implications‚ especially concerning ethics. According to Plato‚ everything in the visible world is that of a Form. Forms can be described as “the single unitary
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Title: TOK Essay 1/2012 Question: When should we trust our senses to give us truth? Name: Syaza Yasirah Bte Abu Bakar Class: P2 Index number: 14 Word Count: 1439 The Ways of Knowing of sense is related to empirical observation. From empiricism we might get facts‚ knowledge and truth. In this case‚ when our senses are reliable‚ it is defined as trust. Truth can be determined based on the three theories of truth. Although none of them is entirely satisfactory‚ each of the theories
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Plato’s dialogue: The Gorgias‚ 482e-484e: The Speech of Callicles When I first began to read this passage I was a little confused at the message Callicles was sending to reader and to the philosophers of that time. As I continue to study philosophy I get the sense that most philosophers question the same thing for reason of being. The question of “why” and “what makes…” is the common theme with most things I’ve come across in this course. To read a passage that was written which portrays the
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Descartes is interested in the certainty of his existence and the existence of other people and things. Descartes’ beliefs vary from those of Socrates. Descartes argues that knowledge is acquired through awareness and experience. Using this approach‚ Descartes moves through doubt to certainty of his existence. He asks himself various questions about the certainty of his existence and solves them through clear thought and logic. Using this method Descartes establishes doubts to be truths and by the
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