The pH is another important factor that influences the enzyme activity‚ as it affects the shape of the enzyme or charge on substrate and ultimately its functionality (Reece et al.‚ 2011; Eed and John‚ 2013). With respect to effect of pH on enzyme activity‚ there was a steady increase in the activity for CFR15-protease‚ i.e. from pH 3.5 to 10.5 and a sudden fall was observed over pH 10.5. The activity was stable in the range of pH 7 to 10.5 and this reveals the alkaline protease nature of the enzyme
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The purpose of the first week experiment was to determine the effect of Nitrophenyl phosphate concentration‚ the substrate‚ on the enzyme‚ acid phosphatase‚ reaction. In an enzyme reaction‚ there is substrate that binds to the active site of the enzyme and product is the end result. The enzyme is the catalyst for the reaction which means that it speeds up the process. Without enzymes‚ the majority of reactions would not occur because the activation energy level would be unattainable. With this in
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Objective: To determine the concentration and equilibrium constant for a reaction of colored product using absorption spectroscopy‚ to create a calibration curve for determining equilibrium concentrations by applying Beer’s law and to force the completion of a reaction by applying Le Châtelier’s principle. Procedure: A diluted solution was made from the stock of 0.0025 M Fe(NO3)3 by diluting 4.0 mL to exactly 100.00 mL‚ using serological pipet and volumetric flask. The concentration of the diluted
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Through a series of labs‚ we were able to extract and isolate our mitochondrial DNA‚ nuclear DNA‚ and cellular DNA to then amplify a part of an intron in the tissue plasminogen activator gene (TPA) through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and run on an agarose gel to detect the presence or absence of a transposable element known as an Alu element. The main purpose of this experiment was to use our class as a population‚ to test whether or not we were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. The Hardy Weinberg
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Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium One of the most difficult concepts to understand about the process of evolution is how changes in the genetic composition of a population affect the phenotypic composition of a population‚ and how both ultimately act to allow evolution of the species. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution emphasizes that populations‚ not individuals‚ evolve. The purpose of my experiment was to test the allele and genotype frequencies. Alleles for a gene are represented by letters of
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Jay A. Torres With David Shbeeb and Matt Shinsky Liberty University 1003 Misty Mountain road apt.507‚ V.A. 24502 jtorres99@liberty.edu words count: 1‚313 Determination of Km and Vmax of Alkaline Phosphatase Graphs will be used with the enzyme alkaline phosphatase of the unknown in the enzyme solution to Determine Km and Vmax To Dr. Kimberly A. P. Mitchell‚ Editor‚ Liberty Journal of Cell Biology‚ 1971 University Blvd‚ Lynchburg‚ VA 24502. Materials and Methods Dilution: Alkaline Phosphatase
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How Enzymes Work In Different Environments By Sarah Smith Biology1111 October 20‚ 2011 Lab Partner: Nellie Greer ABSTRACT Peroxidase is an enzyme found in potatoes that catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide‚ H2O2‚ into O2 gas and water. We examined the different pH environments that can affect the enzyme activity during the breakdown of H2O2. In order to do this‚ we added different levels of pH‚ low‚ medium‚ and high‚ into different test tubes with the enzyme and H2O2‚
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Introduction In biology there is a scientific principle known as the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. In this principle it is believe that allele frequencies will remain the same among the different generations‚ depending on whether or not the five assumptions are taking place. In this experiment‚ students put the Hardy-Weinberg theory to the test. Out of the five assumptions‚ only two were conducted in the experiment‚ Natural Selection and Mutation. For those that do not know‚ the Hardy-Weinberg
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this model‚ a …nancial crisis caused by systemic defaults can shift the economy from an equilibrium with positive borrowing/lending to an equilibrium with no borrowing/lending. In this no-lending equilibrium‚ neither traditional …scal or monetary policy tools are e¤ective in increasing output. Fiscal and monetary policy can only increase the likelihood of the equilibrium evolving to a borrowing/lending equilibrium. 1 Introduction The fundamental economic activities are production and transportation
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and sellers and competition as a process of rivalry that may or may not terminate in an end-state. In the end-state conception of equilibrium‚ the focus of attention is on the nature of the equilibrium state in which the contest between transacting agents is finally resolved; if there is recognition of change at all‚ it is change in the sense of a new stationary equilibrium of
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