Y PEKKA TUOMINEN Managing Brand Equity ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to discuss and elaborate the main issues encountered in managing brand equity. In order to achieve this purpose‚ we first analyse the concept of brand equity; second‚ we provide a comprehensive framework for managing brand equity; and finally‚ we distinguish different ways to leverage and measure brand equity. The concept of brand equity emerged in the early 1990s. Brand equity can be regarded as a managerial concept
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AFC 3230 – Financial Analysis and Valuation Lecture 1 – Introduction (6 marks – Theory) Investment Styles: Intuitive Investing * Investor who relies on intuition and hunches – there is no analysis involved Problems: * Self-deception‚ ignores ability to check intuition Passive Investing * Investor who accepts the market price as value – there is no analysis involved – this is the “efficient market approach” Problems: * It is risky that you may be paying too much for
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Debt/Equity Ratio What Does Debt/Equity Ratio Mean? A measure of a company’s financial leverage calculated by dividing its total liabilities by its stockholders’ equity; it indicates what proportion of equity and debt the company is using to finance its assets. http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/debt%2Fequity+ratio ’Debt/Equity Ratio’ A high debt/equity ratio generally means that a company has been aggressive in financing its growth with debt. This can result in volatile earnings
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1. Introduction 1. Equity and Trusts * Equity is a particular body of law‚ consisting of rights and remedies‚ which evolved historically through the Courts of Chancery to mitigate the severity of the common law. * The trust has been characterised as the greatest and most distinctive achievement in equity although an exact definition of the trust has proven difficult. * Equity would recognise and enforce rights and duties that were not known to the common law. * E.g. the common
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Owner’s Equity Paper ACC/423 Katie Bradbury October 26‚ 2014 Raymond Ho Introduction Paid in capital is the source of raised by the company from equity‚ and not from ongoing operations in the stock markets in the form of shares. Earned capitals are the resources that a company will acquire in the form of income due to the sale of good and services the company offers. These capitals are both very important to the development and growth of the company’s daily operations. Investors believe
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MASTERS OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION EQUITY RESEARCH: CIMPOR TOMÁS LAVIN PEIXE 152110052 ADVISOR: PROF. JOSÉ TUDELA MARTINS Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of International MSC in Business Administration‚ at Universidade Católica Portuguesa‚ September‚ 2012 I. Preface The goal of this dissertation is to value Cimentos de Portugal‚ SGPS‚ S.A‚ hereon stated as Cimpor. In order to do that‚ the main
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Internal and External Equity Comparison Vaughn V. Van Over HRM/324 June 29‚ 2015 Professor Rebekah Benson Times change and as a result businesses have to change. Today ’s businesses face a very competitive globalized economy. For any organization to be successful in that market they have to take a substantial stand toward equity. Equity can affect an organization ’s ability to attract new employees‚ motivate current employees‚ and retain the best employees. All companies regardless of
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company has not adequately invested in developing tools to conduct market surveys; to develop effective marketing strategies‚ appropriate marketing programs and proper marketing communication to build its brand equity. 1. Costumer-based brand equity Keller (2003) defined customer-based brand equity as “the differential effect that brand knowledge has on customer response to the marketing of that brand”. When customers respond more positively to a product/service and the way it is marketed when its brand
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II. INTRODUCTION 2 III. BACKGROUND 4 1. Definition of debt and equity 4 a) Definition of Debt 4 b) Definition of equity 5 2. Example of mix structure capital 5 IV. TECHNICAL SECTION 11 1. Debt Financing – Pros & Cons 11 a) Definition and Classifications of Debt Financing 11 b) Advantages of Debt Financing 14 c) Disadvantages of Debt Financing 15 2. Equity Financing – Pros & Cons 16 a) Definition & Classifications of Equity Financing 16 b) Advantages of Equity Financing
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In Class Exercises Using Equity Method SOLUTION Example 1 : Assume B (the investee) has the following simplified balance sheet: Assets $100‚000 Liabilities $ 60‚000 Equity $ 40‚000 Prepare journal entries for the INVESTOR (A) for the following events: (a) A (the investor) pays $10‚000 for a 25% interest in B. A has significant influence. Dr.
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