Cost of equity refers to a shareholder’s required rate of return on an equity investment. It is the rate of return that could have been earned by putting the same money into a different investment with equal risk. How It Works/Example: The cost of equity is the rate of return required to persuade an investor to make a given equity investment. In general‚ there are two ways to determine cost of equity. First is the dividend growth model: Cost of Equity = (Next Year’s Annual Dividend /
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Equity Theory by John Stacey Adams Equity Theory attempts to explain relational satisfaction in terms of perceptions of fair/unfair distributions of resources within interpersonal relationships. Equity theory is considered as one of the justice theories; it was first developed in 1962 by John Stacey Adams‚ a workplace and behavioral psychologist‚ who asserted that employees seek to maintain equity between the inputs that they bring to a job and the outcomes that they receive from it against the
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Page Introduction 3 What is Brand Equity? Role of Brands The Scope of Branding Theoretical Perspectives 4 Brand Equity Models Brand Asset Valuator Brand Resonance Pyramid Building Brand Equity Measuring Brand Equity Managing Brand Equity Conclusion
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12 April 2012 Global Equity Research Telecommunications Equipment Smartphones 2012 Research Analysts Kulbinder Garcha 212 325 4795 kulbinder.garcha@credit-suisse.com Deepak Sitaraman‚ CFA 212 325 5808 deepak.sitaraman@credit-suisse.com Achal Sultania 44 20 7883 6884 achal.sultania@credit-suisse.com Alban Gashi 212 538 3033 alban.gashi@credit-suisse.com Talal Khan 212 325 8603 talal.khan@credit-suisse.com Matthew Cabral 212 538 6260 matthew.cabral@credit-suisse.com Vlad Rom 212 325 5442 vlad.rom@credit-suisse
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Brand Equity A brand represents a “name‚ term‚ sign‚ symbol‚ or design‚ or a combination of them intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competition.” Without a recognizable brand‚ a product is but a mere commodity. It’s more than just a name‚ term‚ symbol‚ etc. – a brand is everything that one company’s particular offering stands for in comparison to other brands in a cate-gory of competitive products. As the value
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Carbon steel is steel in which the main interstitial alloying constituent is carbon in the range of 0.12–2.0%. The American Iron and Steel Institute(AISI) defines carbon steel as the following: "Steel is considered to be carbon steel when no minimum content is specified or required for chromium‚cobalt‚ molybdenum‚ nickel‚ niobium‚ titanium‚ tungsten‚ vanadium or zirconium‚ or any other element to be added to obtain a desired alloying effect; when the specified minimum for copper does not exceed 0
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Equity theory The motivation theories highlighted in the case which are Equity theory and Vroom’s expectancy theory. For the Equity theory which is developed by J.Stacey Adams‚ proposes that employees perceive and assess a ratio of jobs inputs related to the outcomes they received for their performance to seek either equity or inequity in their situation and then corrects any inequity. The term of equity in the Equity theory is related to the concept of fairness‚ justice‚ and treated equally between
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BIS CODE : INDIAN STANDARD for Structural Engineering IS: 800-1984 Code for practice for general construction in steel. SP6 (1) Handbook for structural steel sections. SP:6(5)-1980 Hand book for Cold formed‚ Light Gauge steel structures. SP:6(6)-1972 Handbook for application of plastic theory in design of steel structures. SP:6(4)-1969 Project & Construction Management for Large Industrial Projects. IS: 206 -1992 (4th Rev) Tee & strap hinges - Specification. IS: 459 -1992
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trades or creditors are another option of short term finance. A company can borrow the goods from supplier and pay them later in given period of time. Also we can categorise the source of finance in following ways: a) Equity b) Debt c) Hybrid theory Equity: Equity is the main source of finance that belongs to the owners or stockholders. It is ownership interest of shareholders in company.
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enough to provide them mobility yet strong enough to stop European blades‚ and used weapons made of a steel so well-forged that it bent under pressure without breaking‚ yet held an edge so sharp it could cleave a man in half with only the force behind one arm. What was the secret steel of the Near East; it’s forging guarded so well by the sword smiths of Syria? That steel was called Damascus steel‚ a term used by the Crusaders to describe the
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