INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARD (IAS) 11: CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS a) DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF IAS 11 IAS 11 Construction Contracts was issued by the International Accounting Standards Committee in December 1993. It replaced IAS 11 Accounting for Construction Contracts (issued in March 1979). In May 1999 a paragraph was amended by IAS 10: Events after the Balance Sheet Date. In April 2001 the International Accounting Standards Board resolved that all Standards and Interpretations
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Equity Theory by John Stacey Adams Equity Theory attempts to explain relational satisfaction in terms of perceptions of fair/unfair distributions of resources within interpersonal relationships. Equity theory is considered as one of the justice theories; it was first developed in 1962 by John Stacey Adams‚ a workplace and behavioral psychologist‚ who asserted that employees seek to maintain equity between the inputs that they bring to a job and the outcomes that they receive from it against the
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Equity theory The motivation theories highlighted in the case which are Equity theory and Vroom’s expectancy theory. For the Equity theory which is developed by J.Stacey Adams‚ proposes that employees perceive and assess a ratio of jobs inputs related to the outcomes they received for their performance to seek either equity or inequity in their situation and then corrects any inequity. The term of equity in the Equity theory is related to the concept of fairness‚ justice‚ and treated equally between
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EQUITY THEORY • This process theory focuses on workers’ perceptions of the fairness of their work outcomes and inputs. Specifically they strive to maintain ratios of their own rewards to contributions which are equal to others’ ratios . EQUITY EQUATIONS • Equity – Outcomes (self) Inputs (self) = Outcomes (other) Inputs (other) •Underpayment Inequity Outcomes (self) Inputs (self) • Overpayment Inequity Outcomes (self) Inputs (self) < Outcomes (other) Inputs (other) > Outcomes
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"Equity is a subjective evaluation‚ not an objective one. Based on the comparison that individuals use‚ each individual is likely to develop different perceptions of equity." (Scholl‚ 2000) When individuals look at the equity model on the job scale‚ they compare their contributions and rewards to that of those around them (associates‚ coworkers‚ management‚ etc.). If the equation is balanced‚ the "equity"--as society puts it--is accomplished. If it is unbalanced‚ the inequity may cause individual
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1. INTRODUCTION Equity is defined by a complex mathematical formula‚ but in practice it is described as relationship‘s fairness between people in one society. Equity theory is social justice theory‚ designed by Adams in 1963. It claims that individuals review the inputs and outcomes of themselves and others‚ and in situations of inequity‚ experience greater cognitive dissonance than individuals in equitable situations. This kind of equity is perceived as social justice in society (or company
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Equity Theory of Motivation The equity theory of motivation is used to describe the relationship between the employees perception of how fairly is he being treated and how hard he is motivated to work Motivation is the activation of an energized goal-oriented behavior. Everyone takes up a job as they are motivated by some factor or the other. Some are motivated by the challenge they will face in carrying out their job‚ some are motivated by the level of fame they may earn‚ others and
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will be followed by what I perceive are some alternatives for conduct in these areas and a solution to implement them. Problem Statement The job was not completed on time‚ and the $300 bonus was not awarded. Analysis Motivation Equity Theory: The equity theory was established when Millar began to compare his own job inputs and outcomes with Boyce’s performance. Boyce‚ who always completed fewer lengths than Millar‚ received little disapproval from Parker. The inequity among the two employees
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Performance improvement Training Petronas has increase their performance by train all their employees to give a better services to the customers. They provide a regular training program to all of their employees in order to satisfy their customers. Staff training and development classes are available to all employees. Facilities Petronas also has improve their performance by providing extra facilities. They provides automated teller machine (ATM) and cash deposit machine (CDM) by CIMB. This is
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Equity Theory of Motivation As the cliche goes‚ no man is an island. Everything man does is influenced by other men and his environment. Be it in school or at work‚ the reason why people persevere lies on the desire to achieve a certain goal. Hence‚ motivation is essential to keep the drive of doing things passionately and effectively. However‚ the enthusiasm to sustain the dream and keep the motivation alive can be tampered by life’s uncertainties. Given the unique characteristics that each student
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