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    Attachment Theory 4

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    Bowlby ’s maternal deprivation hypothesis assumes that continual disruption of the attachment bond between the infant and primary caregiver would result in long term cognitive‚ social and emotional difficulties for the child. To what extent has research into deprivation and privation supported this view. Bowlby claimed that the role of a mother was essential to a child and without this essential mother figure it would affect the child’s psychological health. He called this theory the maternal

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    psychoanalytic theory‚ World War II‚ and ethology was born what we now know as attachment theory. Because John Bowlby‚ a British psychoanalyst was “uneasy about the reliability of our observations‚ the obscurity of any of our hypotheses and‚ above all‚ the absence of any tradition which demands that hypotheses be tested (1979‚ p. 36)‚ he sought to bring greater scientific discipline into his field. Bowlby was already working with maladapted and delinquent children but his interest in this population was increased

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    suggests that evolution has produced a behaviour that is essential to the survival to allow the passing on of genes. An infant that keeps close to their mother is more likely to survive. The traits that lead to that attachment will be naturally selected. Bowlby has the idea that attachment has evolved and it is innate as it increases the likelihood of survival and reproduction‚ he suggests that children are already born with this innate drive and that they were born to perform these behaviours and born to

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    this topic is John Bowlby‚ the pioneer in relationship research. From the 1950’s Bowlbys work revolutionised the way in which people thought about a child and the tie to its mother‚ it made people look at how separation‚ deprivation and bereavement affected them. Bowlbys work went on to generate an abundance of research and have a great deal of impact on the emotional care of young children. This essay will explore the evolutionary theory of attachment exemplified by Bowlby‚ along with his maternal

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    Health

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    John Bowlby (1907 - 1990) was a psychoanalyst (like Freud) and believed that mental health and behavioral problems could be attributed to early childhood. Bowlby’s evolutionary theory of attachment suggests that children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others‚ because this will help them to survive. Bowlby was very much influenced by ethological theory in general‚ but especially by Lorenz’s (1935) study of imprinting.  Lorenz showed that attachment was

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    mothers.’ According to Bowlby‚ children develop an attachment to one main caregiver which is qualitatively different than any others e.g. warm and continuous relationship with mother. This attachment has to occur within the sensitive period (6-24 months) or there could be severe development difficulties and consequences later in life. This first attachment helps us to form our Internal Working Model which is a template for all future relationships. As well as this‚ Bowlby suggests that attachment

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    Dev Psych

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    bel01_xxxii-033hr4.qxd 16-09-2009 10:14 Page xxxii Anne Douglas - Troy University eCampus Worth Publishers NOT FOR REPRODUCTION bel01_xxxii-033hr4.qxd 16-09-2009 10:14 Page 1 The Foundation q This two-chapter part offers you the foundations for understanding the lifespan journey. Chapter 1—The People and the Field introduces all the major concepts and themes in this course. In this first chapter‚ I’ll familiarize you with our discipline’s basic terminology‚ provide

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    Has attachment theory had its day? There are many different views on attachment theory but the first and most recognised is that of John Bowlby. He argued that attachment was an instinctive biological need that begins at infancy and continues throughout life. (Elliot & Reis‚ 2003). Further to this Bowlby argued that babies who were separated from their mothers before becoming securely attached would find it impossible to bond with others and in later life would suffer ill affects from this

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    Bowlby suggests that there is a direct link between childhood relationships and adult relationships. He suggested that individuals develop an internal working model of the self in relationship to the primary attachment figure‚ based in early experiences. The internal models influence the child’s expectations about future relationships. Adult relationships are likely to reflect early attachment styles. (secure or insecure) This was illustrated in the ‘love-quiz’ experiment by Hazan and Shaver

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    44 Thieves study John Bowlby believed that disruption of the primary relationship in the critical period could lead to an increase in chances of the child having long term consequences‚ he proved this theory with his “44 Thieves Study”. To test his hypothesis‚ he studied 44 adolescent juvenile delinquents. The aim of this study was to investigate the long term effects of maternal deprivation and to see if this will have serious effects on their social‚ intellectual and emotional development. To

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