GEOMORPHOLOGY : THE STUDY OF THE CONFIGURATION OF THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH RELATED TERMS : • PHYSIOGRAPHY • RELIEF • TOPOGRAPHY • LANDFORMS • LANDSCAPES SURFACE FEATURES EARTH = 2 PRINCIPAL PARTS 1. 1/3 LAND (CONSISTS OF FOUR LARGE LAND MASSES DIVIDED INTO SEVEN CONTINENTS & THOUSANDS OF SMALLER LAND MASSES 2. 2/3 WATER (FOUR MAJOR OCEANS & HUNDREDS OF SMALLER BODIES OF WATER CONTINENTS (by the number of countries) #1 Africa - (53)
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size to form caves and other karst features. In many instances tectonic processes are responsible for the exposure of limestone. As uplift takes place and as the limestone starts bulging cracks start to appear making the rock more vulnerable to erosion along
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eruptions Coal is a sedimentary rock How do layers “fold”? Submergence is: Where does a stream flow the fastest? In the middle at the top Curved streams have a slower speed on the outside of the curve and faster speed on the inside part. Deposition occurs on the inside part of the stream. Causes the stream to become more curvy. Q = AV --- The discharge is equal to the velocity times the cross-sectional area Slide about urbanization of streams? A divide is a line that separates drainage
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erosive power of waves To protect a coast from erosion‚ people have built seawalls in front of a cliff or along the coast. A seawall is usually made of concrete. It acts as a buffer and absorbs energy of breaking waves especially during storms where the waves are strong‚ thus protecting the coast. A seawall shields and protects the coast from the direct impact of the incoming waves‚ thus reducing erosion. However‚ a seawall may not protect a coast from erosion in the long run. As waves break against the
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connection between sediment aggradation‚ erosion and climate in a desert environment of the Majes valley‚ southern Peru. Luminescence dating of terraces and fans shows that sediment aggradation correlates with wet time intervals on the Altiplano‚ suggesting a climatic influence on the aggradation–degradation cycles. Major periods of aggradation occurred between *110–100‚ *60–50 and 12–8 ka. More precipitation in the Majes catchment resulted in increased erosion and transportation of sediment from the
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located in the northwest coast of South America. As continuous weathering and erosion by agents like wind‚ water and ice take place on the earth surface of the South American continent‚ all eroded materials are transported by these erosional agents and flow down to the ocean by rivers. These sand and mud are deposited at the ocean bed over the years and thicken to form layers and layers of sediments. Due to continuous deposition‚ sedimentation‚ compression and compaction‚ these materials are hardened
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Accomplishments of Nicolas Steno Nicolas Steno‚ originally Niels Stensen‚ was the son of a goldsmith also born in Copenhagen on January 10th‚ 1638. Nicolas Steno was a very educated man in which he went to the University of Copenhagen in 1656‚ in his schooling he studied medicine he continued studying in Leiden and Amsterdam. These studies led to his anatomy study in Paris in 1664 then these studies led to the accomplishment of being the court physician to the Grand Duke of Tuscany‚ Ferdinand II
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future generalizations while capitalizing the use of desired areas of the coasts for residential and commercial purposes. My written report on coastal management will revolve around the main issue explored in our field trip which is the gradual erosion of the foredune on Collaroy beach‚ and its effects on stakeholders (incl. residents‚ developers‚ specialist groups). This report will also include the decision making processes considered by the management (both local and state)‚ as well as the descriptions
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Section A - Restless Earth The earth’s structure At the centre of the earth is the core. Surrounding that is a mass of molten rock called the mantle. The thin layer on the outside is called the crust. There are two types of crust‚ continental and oceanic. The crust is made up of seven major plates and many smaller ones. The plates move due to convection currents rising in the mantle. Distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes Mainly found along plate boundaries. In
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bands are called foliation. If a rock is foliated that means that the rock has an appearance of bands but if the rock is non-foliated this means that it does not have an appearance of bands. Sedimentary rocks form from WEDCC (weathering‚ erosion‚ deposition‚ compaction‚ and cementation). Three types of sedimentary rocks are clastic‚ organic‚ and chemical. Clastic rocks are rocks that have been formed from sediment or other rocks and have formed from WEDCC. Organic sedimentary rocks are rocks that
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