VODKA MAKING PROCESS AND DISTILLING PROCESS Vodka is defined in the United States Standards of Identity as “neutral spirits so distilled‚ or so treated after distillation with charcoal or other materials‚ as to be without distinctive character‚ aroma‚ taste‚ or color.” As Vodka is a neutral spirit‚ it means that it can be obtained by the distillation of any product with fermentable carbohydrates on it‚ like grains (rye‚ corn or wheat) or products like potatoes‚ beets or sugar beets; even grapes
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germinated seeds decreased with higher concentrations of fuel. In addition‚ biodiesel was also synthesized and its heat of combustion was found through the use of calorimetry. The heat capacity for the calorimeter was based on the heat of combustion for ethanol‚ which was then used to determine the heat of combustion for biodiesel. The average heat of combustion for biodiesel was ∆Hcomb= -13090.83 kJ/mole‚ as opposed to the theoretical value of -11496.6 kJ/mole‚ which resulted in a 13.9% difference. Furthermore
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In this experiment Methyl salicylates are prepared along with ethyl and 2-propyl salicylates in which the reaction proceeds with salicylic acid as the starting material along with the other reactants such as methanol‚ ethanol and 2-propanol. More specifically‚ sulfuric acid is employed as the suitable acid catalyst. FIGURE 2: Formation of methyl salicylate from salicylic acid. 2. CALCULATION: PERCENTAGE
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Turn off the heat source after boiling Follow the chart below for the following steps Ester # Acid Alcohol 1 Acetic Acid Butanol 2 Acetic Acid Octanol 3 Acetic Acid Methanol 4 Acetic Acid Ethanol 5 Butanoic acid Butanol 6 Butanoic acid Octanol 7 Butanoic acid Methanol 8 Butanoic acid Ethanol Place tens drops of the acid in your test tube. Add 10 drops of the required alcohol to the test tube. Refer to the chart to check what combination of acids and alcohols you should
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The equation for the reaction between an acid RCOOH and an alcohol RẬᶦ can be the same or different; at equilibrium‚ the concentrations of both reactants and products are constant. In this experiment set up‚ the reaction between ethanoic acid and ethanol to produce ethyl ethanoate and water is a reversible reaction as shown by the following equation: CH₃COOH + CH₃CH₂OH↔CH₃COOCH₂CH₃ +H₂O The Equilibrium Law states that at equilibrium the ratio [CH₃COOCH₂CH₃][H₂O]/[CH₃COOH][CH₃CH₂OH] is constant
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Yeast expands‚ especially well with a good amount of sugar‚ the more of the amount the greater it expands. Yeast is a single-celled organism‚ a fungus to be more specific. They consume carbohydrates‚ mainly sugars‚ and produce carbon dioxide and ethanol. They are found in various places‚ which include: in soil‚ on plants‚ in salt water‚ and even along a digestive tract. Yeast‚ depending on the type‚ can reproduce asexually‚ by budding (and are usually attached and stay that way most of their lives)
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enzyme?1KU iii. Give another example of an enzyme and its use.1PS 3. In the manufacture of malt vinegar‚ starch reacts with water to produceglucose. Glucose is converted to carbon dioxide and ethanol using an enzyme. Ethanol is oxidised‚ by bacteria‚ producing malt vinegar. (a) Use the above information to complete the flow chart. 2PS (b) The equation for one of the processes is: C6H12O6 ® C2H50H + CO2 Balance this equation
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Fermentation and Distillation of Alcohol By Bhanupriya Chettiar 301 Group Members: Bhanupriya Chettiar‚ Rachel Min‚ Zoe Chandler‚ Bianca Main Aim The aim of the practical is to prepare ethanol by fermentation and to isolate it by fractional distillation. Introduction This practical’s aim is to prepare ethanol using two steps; fermentation and then fractional distillation. Many alcoholic drinks for example‚ brandy and whisky‚ are prepared using this method but to a larger scale. The first piece
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2‚ we were investigating why the liquids Ethanol‚ Propanol‚ Water‚ Pentane and Acetone evaporate at different rates. Methanol and Butanol were not liquids investigated by our group‚ but collectively as a class we were able to record averages of rates of evaporation. Solvent Molecular Formula Boiling Point (C°) Polar or Nonpolar Intermolecular Force(s) Lewis Dot Structure Methanol CH4O 64.7 Polar Hydrogen Bonding Dipole-Dipole London Dispersion Ethanol C2H6O 78.37 Polar Hydrogen Bonding Dipole-Dipole
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Cracking of pentane: ▪ pentane [pic] ethylene + propane ▪ C5H12 (g) [pic] C2H4 (g) + C3H8 (g) – Hydration of ethylene (the reverse can also happen known as de-hydration‚ where concentrated acid is used): ▪ ethylene + water [pic] ethanol ▪ C2H4 (g) + H2O (l) [pic] C2H5OH (l) – Hydrogenation of ethylene: ▪ ethylene + hydrogen [pic] ethane ▪ C2H4 (g) + H2 (g) [pic]C2H6 (g) – Hydrohalogenation (more specifically‚ Hydrofluorination) of ethylene: ▪ ethylene
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