bottom of a piece of paper. Then the paper was lightly bent in order to tape both sides of the paper leaving about a 4 centimeter gap so that the sides of the paper are not touching. The paper was then put into a beaker of a hydrochloric acid‚ ethanol‚ and butanol mixture‚ being sure that the paper does not touch the sides of the beaker‚ and then topped. After the eluting solution has risen to within two centimeters of the top of the filter paper‚ the paper was removed from the beaker‚ dried‚ and was
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Experiment # 1 Date: 18/12/13 Title: Chemical Properties of Alkanes. Aim: To test the reactivity of alkanes using cyclohexane as an example. Apparatus/Materials: Cyclohexane‚ liquid alkane‚ aqueous bromine‚ test tubes‚ light source‚ watch glass‚ splint‚ 0.1 MKMnO4‚ concentrated H2SO4‚ dilute H2SO4. Method: Combustion: 1. A watch glass was placed on a benched protection sheet in a fume cupboard and the extractor in the fume on. 2. 4 drops of cyclohexane was placed on the watch glass using
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mg/kg) reduced blood glucose concentration of both normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic rats induced by alloxan (Osinubi‚ 2007). 2.4.2.3 Antioxidant activity Several studies have shown that V. amygdalina possess antioxidant activity (Yeap et al.‚ 2010). Ethanol and aqueous extracts showed good antioxidant activity using different models (Ayoola et al.‚ 2008; Owolabi et al.‚ 2008). Igile et al. (1994) characterizes flavonoids occurring in V. amygdalina leaves‚ and evaluated their antioxidant
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The Complete Organic Chemistry Worksheet The Complete Organic Chemistry Worksheet.doc Name 1. Name the following hydrocarbons. 3 j’\- d\ m.u\ \q’\\Lxc.$’s CHr i"’ a.CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH. I CH: 9n’ tt e. CHr-CH-CH-CH-CHl I t- f‚ ‚3‚ q - \c’ *"jtr1\\-s.x^t’"*- CHz I CH: CHr CHr CHr f. CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH CHr ?"’ !t’ I j \- A.^ r.alh-{hq"{n-"* Ll A A \-k ‚e*q\t^’-tt i"’ f"l -’"’-lu*"‚Uo..q b cur-f-is-a"‚ "’ ll cH: g. CH: I CH2 3
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hand antiseptic is a supplement or alternative to hand washing with soap and water. * Various preparations are available‚ including gel‚ foam‚ and liquid solutions. * The active ingredient in hand sanitizers may be isopropanol‚ ethanol‚ n-propanol‚ povidone-iodine. * Inactive ingredients in alcohol rubs typically include a thickening agent such as polyacrylic acid for alcohol gels‚ humectants such as glycerin for liquid rubs‚ propylene glycol‚ and essential oils of plants.
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Wojciechowski‚ 1998) would have less error than those liquids containing stronger intermolecular forces. For this experiment‚ two volatile liquids were used. The first was methanol and the second was an unknown liquid‚ which may have been methanol‚ ethanol‚ iso-propanol and hexane. Methanol is a clear‚ flammable and toxic liquid which is sometimes used as a vehicle fuel. Its accepted molecular weight value
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(see list of additives in cigarettes). Ethyl acetate is the ester of ethanol and acetic acid; it is manufactured on a large scale for use as a solvent. The combined annual production in 1985 of Japan‚ North America‚ and Europe was about 400‚000 tons.[1] In 2004‚ an estimated 1.3M tons were produced worldwide.[2] Production Ethyl acetate is synthesized in industry mainly via the classic Fischer esterification reaction of ethanol and acetic acid. This mixture converts to the ester in about 65% yield
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are overlooked in the discussion of biofuel production‚ which could offset the main obstacles and concerns. The common liquid biofuels which are made by the fermentation of plant and organic matter are ethanol‚ butanol‚ octanol‚ and octane. Corn is the most common crop used to produce ethanol. There are several other field crops commonly used. It has been thought that in order to collect enough plant biomass‚ we need to grow and harvest crops. Although this has opened the opportunity for more profits
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Student Number Mark / 100 2011 TRIAL HSC EXAMINATION Chemistry General Instructions • • • • • • • Reading time – 5 minutes Working time – 3 hours Write using black or blue pen Draw diagrams using pencil Board-approved calculators may be used A data sheet and a Periodic Table are provided. Write your Student Number at the top of this page and those of pages 10 and 11. Total Marks – 100 Section I Pages 2 – 24 Confidential Keep Secure 75 marks This section has two parts‚ Part
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Practical 1 Title: Tissue Processing Aim: To examine human cell and tissue under the microscope Introduction: Tissues from the body taken for analysis of diseases must be processed in the histology laboratory to produce microscopic slides that are viewed under the microscope. These tissues are usually fixed into paraffin. Microscopic analysis of cells and tissues requires the preparation of very thin‚ high quality sections mounted on glass slides and properly stained to demonstrate normal and abnormal
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