www.igcse.at.ua ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OIL and its many useful PRODUCTS The origin of oil Crude oil is formed from organic material of the remains of plant and animal organisms that lived millions of years ago. These remains form sediments eg at the bottom of seas‚ and become buried under layers of sedimentary rock. They decay‚ without air (oxygen)‚ under the action of heat and pressure to form crude oil over millions of years. It is a fossil fuel because it is formed from
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is no evident odor and seems to have a very high melting point as oppose to camphor which has a very strong‚ evident smell. 12. Water is a much more polar molecule than 2-propanol. How does the polarity of the liquid seem to influence the solubility of these solids? Water is more of a polar molecule then the given 2-propanol which allows ionic soild‚ sodium chloride that breaks off and becomes soluble. Camphor is not an ionic solid which means that it is not soluble in water although of the given
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Abstract By adding HCl to 2-methyl-2-butanol‚ through the Sn1 mechanism‚ 2-chloro-2-methylbutane is formed. Water‚ sodium bicarbonate and NaCl(aq) were then added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane to remove any of the excess water from the reaction. To confirm‚ a successful reaction‚ AgNO3 was added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane. A white precipitate formation confirmed a successful Sn1 reaction. Introduction Nucleophilic substitution reactions such as Sn1 and Sn2 allow us to convert one functional
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halide reacted with an alcohol. We did a conversion of n-butanol to 1-bromobutane. Br- ions is the nucleophile for this reaction which is generated from an aqueous solution of NaBr. The catalyst that converted the OH functional group of butanol to a better leaving group (H2O) was the Sulfuric Acid. [pic] Results.- Theoretical Yield C4H9OH + NaBr -------> C4H9Br + NaOH From 1-Butanol 20mL (butanol) x 0.810g (butanol) x 1mole (butanol) x 1mole(bromobutane) x 137.03g(bromobutane) = 29.95 g of
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DAYSTAR UNIVERSITY PSYCHOLOGY (PSY 111T) GROUP PROJECT: CHANG’AA - THE DEADLY KILLER. PRESENTED BY: ANGELA OMONDI & KEVIN CHAVERA CHANG’AA: THE DEADLY KILLER. 1. Introduction Chang’aa is a popular alcoholic drink commonly found in Kenya and it was once illegal‚ but was recently legalized. According to online encyclopedia Wikipedia‚ the literal meaning of chang’aa is ‘kill me quick.’ It is a clear liquor which announces itself with a fierce burn and an after taste of soil when consumed.
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Elimination Kyle Peterson Chem. 243a Matt Judd‚ Sec. 25 Date Performed: 11/12/03 Abstract: The objective of this experiment is to successfully perform a dehydration of a 2-butanol and a dehydrohalogenation of 2-bromobutane to form the products 1-butene‚ trans-2-butene‚ and cis-2-butene. It was found that a dehydration of 2-butanol yielded 4.6% 1-butene‚ 67.3% trans-2-butene‚ and 28.1% cis-2-butene‚ and a dehydrohalogenation of 2-bromobutane yielded 19.1% 1-butene‚ 69.9% trans-2-butene‚ and 11.0% cis-2-butene
Free Chromatography Alkene Gas chromatography
Chemicals in medicines Rakesh Mohan Hallen The words medicine’ and ’drug’ are often used in our country to mean the same substances: any substance‚ manufactured artificially‚ which can help recovery from sickness‚ relieve symptoms or modify a natural process in the body. A medicine is often a mixture of several chemical compounds. Even if it has only one active component compound often other substances are used as fillers or binders to give it bulk. Chemistry‚ the science related to chemical substances
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LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON DOCCUMENTATION OF A PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT “RANITIDINE” AND DOSSIER FORMULATION FOR EXPORT TO PHILLIPINES [pic] | [pic] | |
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Alkane‚ Alkene‚ Alkyne & Aromatic Learning Objectives 1. 2. 3. Determine the IUPAC name‚ common name and structure of an alkanes‚ alkenes and cycloalkanes. Identify the physical properties of alkanes. Describe briefly natural sources and importance of alkanes Describe reactions of alkanes Propose a mechanism on free radicals substitution 4. 5. 6. Describe the preparation and reactions of alkenes. 7. Propose mechanism on preparation; dehydration of alcohol 8. Define carbocation
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Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Introduction Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH‚ commonly called caustic potash. Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)‚ this colorless solid is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications. Most applications exploit its reactivity toward acids and its corrosive nature. In 2005‚ an estimated 700‚000 to 800‚000 tonnes were produced. Approximately 100 times more NaOH than KOH is produced annually. KOH is noteworthy
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