Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory‚ which means that it judges the morality of an action based on the consequences that follow from it rather than on external moral duties. Philosophers who adhere to utilitarianism regard the maximisation of utility as the key determent for understanding whether an action is right or not . In this essay I will argue that the amount of utility produces by an action is not an ideal way of determining its morality. This will be done by firstly clarifying the
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same answer for you? Would one be more difficult to answer than the other? There is only one right answer‚ depending on your ethical stand and the following examines the trolley problems from the view point of Kantian and Utilitarian ethics to determine how each theory applies‚ and what the answer would be according to the ethical standards set forth by each. Kantian ethical practices mandate that an individual cannot chose a course of action that causes them to become immoral (Wall‚ 2008). Therefore
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like existentialism‚ utilitarianism‚ contractarianism‚ etc. Utilitarianism is defined as doing what is best for the most amount of people. The main question that arises from this theory is: What is considered best? This can be answered through hedonism. Hedonism defines good as anything that can be pleasurable. There are two main kinds of utilitarianism: act and rule. Act utilitarianism is when performing an action‚ you choose the path that provides the best overall results. Rule utilitarianism is
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rights exist only because they are necessary for human happiness . This statement can justify human rights ethic‚ because one is capable of morality of any country or state rank position by how happy the citizens in their respective state. It is ethical because the system is established by physical pleasure and the most moral acts are those maximize a person’s pleasure and to reduce one’s pain. Individuals in a prosperous country or state is better than a developing state living‚ typically owned
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Utilitarianism as an ethical theory Utilitarianism is the view that an act is right if it equals the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. Utilitarians describe moral actions as actions that boost something good and lessen something that is bad. Virtue‚ knowledge‚ and goodwill are all good but they are only good if they give people a pleasurable existence. Pain is the only thing that is intrinsically bad. Utilitarians focus on the result of an act instead of the inherent
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com/5603636/hollister-only-hires-the-hottest-kids-in-the-mall last accessed 16th nov 2012 Samy Belaid‚ Azza Temessek Behi John O ’Shaughnessy‚ Nicholas Jackson O ’Shaughnessy. (2002). European Journal of Marketing. Marketing‚ the consumer society and hedonism. 36 (5)‚ 524-547. Paul W. Ballantine‚ Richard Jack‚ Andrew G. Parsons. (2010). International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. Atmospheric cues and their effect on the hedonic retail experience. 38 (8)‚ 641-653. Peter Jones‚ Daphne Comfort
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In the Ethical Life‚ Russ Shafer-Landau talks about John Stuart Mill and his theory on Utilitarianism. Mill states that Utilitarianism is the most influential presentation of doctrine and agrees with the Utilitarian belief of which is ethical decisions should be based on the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. But if this is true‚ then would people not act out of personal interest? Utilitarianism‚ as previously stated‚ is the belief of which ethical decisions should be based on
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There are many arguments of whether or not animal experimentation is ethical. Animal experimentation is necessary for research of medicine. However‚ it is not ethical when it comes to entertainment and education purposes. Humans are not benefiting in any way when it comes to putting animals in zoos‚ using them in circuses‚ and dissecting them in high schools. Many animal rights activists may argue that animal experimentation for medicine research is wrong. I agree that high school students should
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When considering allocation of scarce resources for patients with alcoholic cirrhosis I will analyze the ethical theories of Utilitarianism and Deontology and the principles of justice‚ nonmalificence and autonomy. The question persists‚ should the fact that someone has essentially caused their own disease eliminate them from the chance of having a transplant (Williamson‚ 1997)? According to the utilitarian school of thought‚ the right action is that which has the greatest utility or usefulness
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Among the most glaring problems that I see with Utilitarianism is its inclusion of animals under the umbrella that blankets this theory. It seems irrefutable that there exists an inordinate number of cases where the consequence that is against the best interest of an animal is favorable to humans‚ yet that dictating action is one that has been continually taken and condoned by the general public. This is a fundamental challenge‚ as the Utilitarian philosophy decrees that the pleasure and pain experienced
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