Causal reasoning in financial reporting and voluntary disclosure This paper examines causal reasoning‚ applying the theories to financial reporting. Causal reasoning involves diagnosis (determining the cause of an effect) and prediction (vice versa). These are important and commonplace amongst analysts‚ investors and management regarding company earnings and share prices. However‚ there is very little recent research employing causal reasoning theories to this field. Attribution theory describes
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Ethical Relativism: the Hands-off Theory Ethical relativism is a simple concept. It is defined as the idea that ethical values are relative to the culture in which they are found. As exemplified in Hinman’s Ethics‚ a businessman in different parts of the world may use a bribe in order to reach an agreement with an associate‚ whereas in America‚ bribes are frowned upon and often illegal. The ethical value‚ bribing‚ is used differently between an American and a foreign businessman. But is there
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The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) is a nonprofit corporation dedicated to act on behalf of the interests of young children. The NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct offers guidelines for responsible behavior and sets forth a common basis for resolving the principal ethical dilemmas encountered in early childhood care and education promoting a commitment to integrity‚ veracity‚ fairness‚ and human dignity at all levels; nevertheless‚ further research and/or developments
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5. What ethical issues have you witnessed or heard about on this company? State your opinions on what should have been done to deal with these ethical issues. a) Conflict on human rights Nokia has been involved in conflict-minerals which engaging in human rights abuses. For example‚ the conflict-minerals took place in Democratic Republic of Congo‚ Central of Africa in July of 2010. The illegal activities involved the extraction and trade of minerals which controlled by warlords. The head of the
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Running head: ETHICAL MASSAGE 1 ETHICAL MASSAGE Ethical Massage Being a licensed massage therapist for the past eight years in the State of Florida‚ I have been required to take an ethics course every two years in order to maintain and renew my therapeutic massage and bodywork license. We are required to take continuing education courses which earn us CEs‚ totally 24 every two years in order to successfully renew our licenses. So‚ having taken an ethics course several times since my licensure
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Ethical Perspective First situation Bill has struck up a friendship with one of your sales represents Gayle Dornier to be precise. While the previous two quarters were great for Gayle‚ she ’s been struggling this quarter. My fear is that this rough spot will really pull her down. I ’ve been trying to cheer her up and bolster her self-confidence‚ but I ’m not sure that ’s enough. I thought as her manager you should at least know that she ’s really trying‚ but so far this quarter has been incredibly
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Marrin Maher February 14‚ 2014 Ethical Dilemmas Regarding Same Sex Marriages Whether at home‚ at work‚ or at school‚ every day we are faced with making moral and ethical decisions. Depending on your occupation and or authority‚ some decisions could have a profound impact on society‚ individuals or groups. There are many controversial topics facing politicians and society as a whole and one hot topic is same-sex marriage. Throughout history‚ homosexuality has been considered taboo
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Ethical Misrepresentation One might argue that misrepresentation of academic credentials as demonstrated by Marilee Jones‚ the dean of admissions at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Lewin‚ 2007) and a lie are not the same thing. She knowingly falsified information and suppressed it for several years; this is an ethical misrepresentation of epic proportions. When people misrepresent skill sets or academic accomplishments to achieve certain goals‚ they chose to play an ethical game of
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have been many studies in the field of prosocial moral reasoning and on prosocial behaviours over the decade. Researchers have constantly tried to evaluate reasons behind these‚ mainly in children and adolescents. Prosocial behaviour can be defined as helping that is not motivated by professional obligations and is not based on organizations‚ other than for charities (Hewstone‚ Stroebe‚ & Jonas‚ 2007). Prosocial moral reasoning is‚ reasoning about moral dilemmas in which one person ’s needs or desires
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typographical error in all print material about site effects of that drug. Marketing manager has an ethical dilemma‚ stop the marketing campaign and correct the “typo”‚ consequently future existence of his company will be in jeopardy‚ or to take a risk and go ahead with campaign without letting anyone know about the “typo”. This essay will describe ethical dilemmas and their characteristics‚ continuing by ethical dilemma marketing manager are confronted with. Discussion on defensible moral judgements after
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