procurement‚ and the marketing mix. Whether a company chooses to standardize or adapt its operations depends on its attitudes toward different cultures. These attitudes are defined by three orientations toward foreign culture: ethnocentric‚ polycentric‚ and geocentric. Ethnocentric Model Ethnocentrism has a socio-psychological dynamic that is broadly used to describe human behavior in and between contradistinctive cultures. The roots of ethnocentrism stem from a sociological construct explaining “majority”
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An ethnocentric approach to staffing policy is one in which key management positions in an international business are filled by parent-country nationals. The polycentric approach is a staffing policy that the host country nationals are recruited to manage subsidiaries in their own country‚ while parent country nationals occupy the key positions at corporate headquarters. The geocentric approach is a geocentric staffing policy that the best people are sought for key jobs throughout the organization
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disadvantages of the ethnocentric‚ polycentric‚ and geocentric approaches to staffing policy? What is each approach appropriate? “An ethnocentric approach to staffing policy fills all key management positions in an international business with parent-country nationals” (p. 531). The advantages of the ethnocentric approach are: Overcomes lack of qualified managers in host country‚ unified culture‚ and helps transfer core competencies. The disadvantages of the ethnocentric approach are: Produces
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a. Ethnocentric b. Polycentric c. Regiocentric d. Geocentric 55. Individuals from the home country manage operations outside the home country in which kind of staffing? a. Ethnocentric b. Polycentric c. Regiocentric d. Geocentric 56. Which of the following statements is false? a. Ethnocentric staffing appeals to companies that want to maintain tight control over decision making in branch offices abroad. b. Ethnocentric companies
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2005]. Ethics Quality. 2004A. "Culture Management". [Internet]. United States. Ethics Quality for Organizational Excellence. 2004. Available at <http://www.ethicsquality.com/culturemgt.htm>. Access Date [11th November‚ 2005]. MSN Encarta‚ 2005. "Geocentric". [Internet]. Microsoft. United States. Available at <http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861674931/geocentric.html>. Access Date [24th November‚ 2005]. Naylor‚ J. 2004. "Management". Second Edition. Chapter 4. [Text Book]. United Kingdom. Pearson
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‘Globalization’ is a simple word which has achieved great success. “Globalization of markets” (Levitt 1983) is an expression which related first to demand: taste‚ preferences and price-mindedness are becoming increasingly universal. Second‚ it relates to the supply side; products and services tend to become more standardized and competition within industries reaches a world-wide scale. Third‚ it relates to the way firms‚ mainly multinational companies‚ try to design their marketing policies and
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|6 | | |2.1 Ethnocentric Orientation ----------------------------------------------- |7 | | |2.2 Polycentric Orientation ------------------------------------------------- |7 | | |2.3 Geocentric Orientation ------------------------------------------------- |8 | |
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leverage‚ corporate culture‚ and the continuing presence of national controls that create trade barriers. 3. Describe the difference between ethnocentric‚ polycentric‚ regiocentric‚ and geocentric management orientations. The premise of an ethnocentric orientation is that home country products and management processes are superior. An ethnocentric company that neither sources inputs from‚ nor seeks market opportunities in the world outside the home country may be classified as an international
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when successfully done‚ it drives the company’s strategy. When poorly done‚ it ruins careers and decreases profitability. Heenan and Perlmutter (1979) have provided four approaches to international staffing: polycentric‚ ethnocentric‚ geocentric and regiocentric. In ethnocentric approach managerial positions are filled by staff from the parent company. Ethnocentrism is based on a belief that the home culture is superior. This means that the organisational culture will mirror that of the home country
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staff in foreign subsidiaries. Heenan and Perlmutter identified approaches to manage foreign subsidiaries which are‚ ethnocentric‚ polycentric‚ geocentric and regiocentric. In this part we will examine the connection between this approaches and staffing practices as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this differents approaches. The first approach is called ethnocentric. Employees from headquarters base it on the occupation of a key position. It is assumed that expatriates can manage subsidiaries
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