from the molecule by ionization: CH3CO2H → CH3CO2- + H+ Because of this release of the proton (H+)‚ acetic acid has acidic character. Acetic acid is a weak monoprotic acid. In aqueous solution‚ it has a pKa value of 4.75. Its conjugate base is acetate (CH3COO−). A 1.0 M solution (about the concentration of
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Abstract: This experiment synthesized H-Gly-Phe-OH dipeptide using “Fmoc chemistry”. The first part of experiment was the synthesis of L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride. The methyl ester can be synthesised by reaction of thionyl chloride‚ SOCl2 and dry methanol with L-phenylalanine under reflux condition. The peptide bond was formed later in the experiment‚ where HBTU‚ DiPEA and a solution of Fmoc-Gly-OH in DMF were added to a solution of L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride in DMF
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are usually two per segment: one on each side. The spiracles often have some sort of valve that allows the insect to close off its ventilatory system- this is analogous to holding your breath. I’ve seen some insects stay lively in a jar full of ethyl acetate (the gas I use to knock them out) for an hour or longer! Inside of the spiracles are the tracheas‚ which branch out into smaller
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Experiment 5B: Ketone Reduction Objective: Using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent‚ the ketone 4-tert-butylcyclohexane is reduced to its corresponding alcohol. It is purified through extraction techniques to give the cis and trans diasteromer products. Procedure: The procedure was followed as outlined in Mayo’s book for Experiment 5B with the following modifications: 1. Reagents and Equipment – The reaction will be on a scale of 2X what is described in the text. 2. Reagents and Equipment
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------------------------------------------------- Liquid–liquid extraction From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Liquid–liquid extraction also known as solvent extraction and partitioning‚ is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids‚ usually water and an organic solvent. It is an extraction of a substance from one liquid into another liquid phase. Liquid–liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories‚ where it is performed
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1. Introduction Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae) is an important medicinal plant greatly valued in Ayurveda for treatment of cough‚ asthma and gastrointestinal disorders. In Sushrutha Samhitha it has been described as antiseptic‚ febrifuge‚ detoxicant‚ antihelminthic and considered valuable for curing migraine‚ jaundice‚ urinary calculi‚ internal abscesses‚ seminal weakness‚ vaginal discharges and insanity. In the Arabian Peninsula‚ it is mainly distributed over Oman‚ Yemen and the Southwestern
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for the fractional distillation was 79° C. One microliter of sample was injected into the gas chromatograph. “Typical response factors for the possible components are as follows: hexane (1.50)‚ cyclohexane (1.80)‚ heptane (1.63)‚ toluene (1.41)‚ ethyl benzene (1.00).” DISCUSSION Table 1 Simple Distillation Boiling Points | 1st Drop | 67° C | .5 mL | 69° C | 1.0 mL | 71° C | 3.5 mL | 80.5° C | Table 2 Fractional Distillation Boiling Points |
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Grading System 2012-13 CM- 601 – Process Equipment Design - I Unit I Mechanics of materials: Stress- Strain relationships of elastic materials subjected to tensile‚ compressive and shear forces‚ Elastic and plastic deformation‚ General design considerations; Design of shell‚ bottom plates‚ self supported‚ and column supported roofs‚ wind girder‚ nozzles and other accessories. Unit II Unfired pressure vessel: Pressure vessel codes‚ classification of pressure vessels‚ Design of cylindrical and
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These standards and the unknown were separated by performing a method of chromatography. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed by using a mobile phase and a stationary phase. The mobile phase was a nonpolar solvent composed of ethanol and ethyl acetate. The solid stationary phase was coated with silica gel‚ which is very polar. The amino acids were spotted onto two TLC plates; the plates were then placed in a chamber which contained the mobile phase. The plates were sprayed with 0.1% Ninhydrin
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Plumbago zeylanica L. belonging to the family Plumbaginaceae is an important plant of medicinal value. P. zeylanica is greatly valued in Ayurveda for treatment of cough‚ asthma and gastrointestinal disorders. In Sushrutha Samhitha it has been described as antiseptic‚ febrifuge‚ detoxicant‚ antihelminthic and considered valuable for curing migraine‚ jaundice‚ urinary calculi‚ internal abscesses‚ seminal weakness‚ vaginal discharges and insanity. In the Arabian Peninsula‚ it is mainly distributed
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