What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and the interactions between them. This is also the definition for physics‚ by the way. Chemistry and physics are specializations of physical science. Chemistry tends to focus on the properties of substances and the interactions between different types of matter‚ particularly reactions that involve electrons. Physics tends to focus more on the nuclear part of the atom‚ as well as the subatomic realm. Really‚ they are two sides of the
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9.1 PRELIMINARY STUDIES: 9.1.1. Identification and Analysis of Drug: Determination of λmax of by UV spectroscopy: The λmax of the solution of Pantoprazole was found to be 290 nm on UV spectroscopy. Melting point determination of drug: The melting point of drug was found to be 136±3 ̊C. Solubility determination of pantoprazole: The solubility of drug was determined and it is soluble in water‚ ethanol and slightly soluble in DCM. Solubility determination of excipients: Excipient Medium
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LIST OF INSTRUMENTS FOR DENTAL CLINIC 1.DENTAL CHAIR WITH MOTORIZED SUCTION. 2.COMPRESSOR 3.DIGITAL X RAY UNIT (RVG COMPAITABLE) 4.SCALER 5.MICROMOTOR WITH CONTRANGLE & STRAIGHT HANDPIECE. 6.LIGHT CURE UNIT. 7.RVG 8.INTRA ORAL CAMERA. 9.ENDO MOTOR 10.APEX LOCATOR. 11.ELECTRO CAUTERY UNIT/LASER 12.CLINIC MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE. 13.RUBBER DAM LIST OF CLINICAL INSTRUMENTS---- 1. Mouth mirror 2. Explorer 3. St.probe’ 4. Tweezer 5. Endo box 6. Endo guaze 7. Flexible files 8. K files
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family Lauraceae‚ a group of evergreen trees. Cinnamon bark (particularly C. verum) yields 0.4-0.8% oil‚ which contains 60-80% cinnamaldehyde‚ 4-5% sesquiterpenoids (α-humulene‚ β-caryophyllene‚ limonene and others)‚ eugenol‚ cinnamyl acetate‚ eugenol acetate‚ cinnamyl alcohol‚ methyl eugenol‚ benzaldehyde‚ benzyl benzoate‚ cuminaldehyde‚ monoterpenes (linalool‚ pinene‚ phellandrene and cymene)‚ safrole and others (List and Horhammer; Masada; Ravindran qtd. from Khan and Abourashed‚ 2011). Isolation of
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The Book of Kells is a decorated manuscript that contains the first Gospels of the New Testament. The pages are illuminated which means it is embellished with colorful designs and pictures. The Book of Kells is famously known for its illuminated complexity and detailed concepts. It is on display at the Trinity College Library in Dublin‚ Ireland. This illuminated manuscript is exceptionally significant due to its renowned history‚ modern adaptations‚ contents of the Gospel‚ decoration‚ and sacramental
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guide in this field of Semiconductor Laser Diodes. I would also like to thank Abhishek Upadhyay (P.G. student) for giving me insights into the concepts of semiconductor laser diode. ABSTRACT: Recent calibration‐free tunable diode laser spectroscopy (TDLS) techniques have shown that knowledge of the modulation characteristics of the laser is critical to achieve optimum performance of the sensor. This report investigates the intensity modulation characteristics of a near‐infrared
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History Alexander Gurwitsch around 1930 Around 1923 Alexander Gurwitsch discovers an "ultraweak" photon emission from living systems (onions‚ yeast‚...)‚ since he suggested connections between photon emission and cell division rate. He calls this photonemission "mitogenetic radiation". His experiments indicate that the wavelength is in the range around 260 nm (Bibliography under Gurwisch and also Ruth (1977‚ 1979)). Around 1950: Russian scientists rediscover "ultraweak photon emission"
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experiment is to isolate‚ purify and identify compounds 1 and 2 which contain 4-chlorobenzaldehyde‚ methanol‚ and aqueous potassium hydroxide. Compounds 1 and 2 are purified by crystallization. . The purified product will be characterized by IR spectroscopy and melting point. As detailed in Pavia ’s Organic Laboratory techniques the reaction is expected to proceed via the following reaction: Aqueous Organic The mechanism is shown below:
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concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The product was washed with sodium hydrogen carbonate‚ as well as with water‚ then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The product was then distilled using a Hickman still and characterized using infrared spectroscopy. The percent yield of isopentyl acetate was 61.52%. This may have been low due to not all of the condensed product being removed from the Hickman still‚ some product being lost during transfer of the product from the reaction tube into the Hickman
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-1Determination of an Unknown Liquid (2-butanol) Through Fundamental Analysis Lee Billips Department of Chemistry‚ Shippensburg University‚ 1871 Old Main Drive. Shippensburg‚ PA‚ 17257. Abstract: The identification and characterization of unknowns are an important part of organic chemistry. It is fundamental to know experimental methods to deductively identify compounds (1) . The determination of unknown #6 (2-butanol) was identified by a series of test; first taking the boiling point (94-96
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