The prokaryotic cell precedes any forms of Bacteria‚ Archaea‚ and eventually Eukaryotes by approximately two billion years. This cell was the original life form on the planet and represents the smallest and least complex of all organisms. Through the process of mutation and adaptation they were able to survive to evolve into our modern day Bacteria‚ Archaea‚ Fungi and Protists. These post organisms have benefited from their early ancestor‚ by way of Endosymbiosis. Intricate protest and fungi are
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discuss the evolutionary relationships between the two members of each pair you have chosen. In your discussion include structural adaptations and their functional significance. a. Green Algae...Vascular Plants b. Prokaryotes....Eukaryotes a. Green Algae and Vascular Plants have clear evolutionary relationships. Both Green algae and vascular plants have many similarities displaying this fact. Just a few of these similarities include that both groups have chloroplasts with chlorophyll
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Chapter 18 Outline: Diversity and Variation 18.1 The Species Concept TAXONOMY- classifying organisms in ways that reflect relationships and help distinguish one type of organism from another. SPECIES- group of organisms that is capable of breeding offspring‚ or mating‚ with another in nature to produce fertile offspring. Individual members of a species may look very different from eachother. Such differences among members of a species are known as variations Natural selection
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Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells are organized into complex structures by internal membranes and a cytoskeleton. The most characteristic membrane bound structure is the nucleus. This feature gives them their name‚ (also spelled "eucaryote‚") which comes from the Greek word referring to the nucleus. Animals‚ plants‚ fungi‚ and protists are eukaryotes. Microorganisms and all other living organisms are classified as prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are distinguished on the
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(Eubacteria‚ Archaebacteria‚ Fungi‚ Protista‚ Plantae‚ and Animalia) which are apart of three domains‚ (Archaea‚ Bacteria‚ and Eukarya). In this lab‚ however‚ none of the organisms observed were archaea or bacteria. Also‚ all the organisms were eukaryotes‚ not prokaryotes‚ which are organisms without a nucleus and a single chromosome (a double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell) instead. In the lab‚ organism one is a very small dark green leaf from a small plant. Under the microscope‚ there
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e. the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The distinct differences between the two are easily discernible with modern technology such as electron microscopes. These differences include: the presence of a nucleus in the eukaryotes‚ and the absence of one in the prokaryotes; Eukaryotes also have distinct membrane-bound organelles‚ while prokaryotes do not (Stanier et al.‚ 1970a; Mauseth‚ 2009). It is after discovery and examination of these organelles that first led to the Endosymbiont Hypothesis or
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plastids Primary endosymbiosis: development of organelle by prokaryote engulfed and modified the bacteria Secondary endosymbiosis: ie. When eukaryote obtains plastids from another eukaryote Protozoa: assemblage of eukaryotic unicellular organisms “-zoa” refers to the absence of cell wall and presence of at least one motile stage in life cycle unicellular eukaryotes= protozoans‚ found wherever life exist‚ highly adaptable and easily moved from place to place mutualistic: both partners benefit commensalistic:
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Cells are divided into two categories namely the Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. These two have varying differences between them. Speaking in simple cell biology words‚ prokaryotes are primitive‚ simple organisms that lack membranous cell organelles. The opposite of this are eukaryotes‚ which are advanced and complex organisms having membrane bound cell organelles. Seemingly simple in structure and markedly different from eukaryote and protist organisms‚ prokaryotic cells are believed to have been
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The distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is considered to be the most important distinction among groups of organisms. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles‚ such as the nucleus‚ while prokaryotic cells do not. Differences in cellular structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts‚ the cell wall‚ and the structure of chromosomal DNA. Prokaryotes were the only form of life on Earth for millions of years until more complicated
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Fission Prokaryotic chromosome contains mostly DNA and some associated proteins Asexual reproduction requires a single parent; offspring are genetically identical to parent. EUKARYOTES Meiosis and Mitosis MEIOSIS Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and therefore occurs in all eukaryotes MITOSIS process in which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets in two daughter nuclei. It is generally followed immediately
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