c------------------------------------------------- Evidence for Endosymbiotic theory: ------------------------------------------------- Evidence that mitochondria and plastids arose from bacteria is as follows:[13][14][15] * New mitochondria and plastids are formed only through a process similar to binary fission. * In some algae‚ such as Euglena‚ the plastids can be destroyed by certain chemicals or prolonged absence of light without otherwise affecting the cell. In such a case‚ the
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Bacteria Kingdom Bacteria: Prokaryotes; Common Bacteria Kingdom Protista Eukaryotes; Unicellular organisms (small) Algae (unicellular‚ colonial‚ small or multicellular‚ Large) Kingdom Fungi Eukaryotes; Non-photosynthetic‚ multicellular (except yeast)‚ External digestion Kingdom plantae Eukaryotes; photosynthetic‚ multicellular Kingdom Animalia Eukaryotes; non-photosynthetic‚ multicellular‚ internal digestion BASIC PROPERTIES OF LIFE 1
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the fundamental structural unit of all living organisms. Cells help carry out the functions of life and together support the organism to function as a whole. Cells are divided into two main categories of eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Animal cells and plant cells fall into the division of eukaryote cells that have both a nucleus and organelles. In this lab‚ animal and plant cells will be compared through a microscope to identify differences in the structures of each type of cell. Almost all cells
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prokaryote- smaller and simpler than eukaryotes‚ do not contain nuclei‚ are part of the Bacteria domain‚ are unicellular‚ are autotrophs or heterotrophs eukaryote- cells with nuclei and contain specialized structures called organells. All plants‚ animals and fungi are eukaryotes. Part of the Eukarya domain‚ Protista‚ Fungi‚ Plantae‚ and Animalia kingdom. plant- eukaryote‚ cell walls of cellulose‚ contain chloroplasts‚ multicellular‚ autotrophs animal- eukaryote‚ no cell walls or chloroplasts‚ multicellular
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mitochondria and chloroplast (plants) in eukaryote organisms which we observe today. Dr Margulis received evidence from all over the world and from many scientific researchers and experiments‚ Margulis simply had to put all the evidence together to form her hypothesis. Margulis states that the eukaryote cell organelles‚ mitochondria as well as the chloroplast in plants‚ arose from simple prokaryote organisms which formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the early eukaryote cells. Prokaryotes are believed
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bilayer appear to float within the lipid‚ so the membrane is constantly in flux. The membrane is therefore referred to as a fluid mosaic structure. Within the fluid mosaic structure‚ proteins carry out most of the membrane ’s functions (prokaryote and eukaryote cell structure‚ 2000.). The nucleus of eukaryotic cells is composed primarily of protein and deoxyribonucleic acid‚ or DNA. The DNA is organized into linear units called chromosomes. Functional segments of the chromosomes are referred
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classified as their own species‚ Homo neandertalensis. Earlier‚ giant pandas were also classified with raccoons! Instead of classifying organisms into prokaryote or eukaryote‚ it sorts them into three categories by splitting the prokaryotes into two kingdoms similar to the six-kingdom model: Archae bacteria and Eubacteria. All the eukaryotes‚ which is virtually everything else‚ are clumped into the Eukarya kingdom. Modern chemical and cellular evidence currently supports the three-kingdom model. It is
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BIO UNIT 1 STUDY NOTES History of Classification Aristotle (384-322 BC) -greek philosopher -classified living things in 2 kingdoms (ANIMALS AND PLANTS) -Plants = herbs‚ shrubs & trees -Animals= those of sea‚ air and land -lasted 2000 years Theophrastus (372-287 BC) - “Father of Botany” - 2 botanical works Andrea Cesalpino (1519-1603) - Italian physician - created 1st new system of classifying plants - classified plants on the basis of the structure of their fruits and seeds John Ray
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nature. Http://www.biotopics.co.uknewgcse/microbesanddisease.html Protozoa Protozoa‚ also know as protoctista‚ are like our own body cells. They are single celled organisms with a nucleus and a cell membrane. These can also be known as eukaryotes. Eukaryotes are ten times the size of Prokaryote cells. They are more complex‚ and larger organisms. Protozoans are generally too small to be seen by the naked eye‚ but can be seen clearly under a micro-scope. http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/p/protozoa
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relication Prokaryotes show the greatest biochemical diversity Animal cell: Dormant Fibroblast ( know structures of cell) Actin filaments- cell shape and motility Microtubules- vesicle delivery and mitosis Intermediate filament- mechanical stability Eukaryotes sequester DNA into a nuclear compartment 1. Regulates access to DNA 2. DNA replication 3. Transcrription Endomplasmic reticulum (Rough & Smooth) 1. New membrane 2. Membrane proteins 3. Protein surveillance 4. N-glycosilatin 5. Calcium storage Golgi
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