Embryonic Kidney(HEK) 293 cells were transiently transfected with pEGFP-N1(Clontech‚ Palo Alto‚ CA‚ encoding enhanced GFP as an indicator of transfection) and pEGFP-LeIF plasmids cloned at previous studies(Ghafarifar and et al‚ in press) by Calcium phosphate and non- tranfected cells was used as negative control. briefly‚ Hek-293 cells were grown at 37°C in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM‚ Gibco) supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS‚ Gibco) and 5% CO2. Log-phase cells were employed for transfection
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Hugh Kim Lab Report: Stoichiometry Lab 1. Prelab Part1. 1) Create no waste = The principle that encourages chemists to not create waste at the first place rather than cleaning it up afterwards effectively shifts the chemistry more environmentally conscious‚ as creating no waste would make the experiment efficient; the reactants will be reduced to only the essential ones and the product will be maximized‚ a change that would make the experiment economic. Also‚ if chemists aim to
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Biophysical Ecology Abstract: There are many patterns that can be observed throughout our environment. In this experiment‚ the temperatures of organisms in a biophysical environment were analyzed to see if a pattern could be recognized that was related to the behavior of an ectotherm. An ectotherm is an organism that relies on the environment to regulate its body temperature. Organisms such as Pseudemys (turtles) and Lacertilia (lizards) are examples or ectotherms. After arriving at Maxcy Gregg
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I. Introduction: The purpose of this lab report is to differentiate between of Newton’s Third Law and Newton’s Second Law. Newton’s Third Law states that all forces come in pairs and that the two forces in a pair act on different objects and are equal in strength and opposite in direction. Newton’s Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object being accelerated. Using calculation equations for acceleration
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plant and animal cells are placed in a hypotonic environment‚ osmosis will occur. The structure of these cells determines the response to the difference in gradient‚ whether this be lysis (the explosion of cells due to the sudden increase in water pressure within the cell) in animal cells or turgor pressure (the pressure created by the increase in water pressure within the cell) in plant cells. Turgor pressure prevents further osmosis‚ which causes the water potential outside the cell to be lower than
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Lab 2: Animal and Plant Cells Purpose: To examine the differences between single cell and multi cell organisms in terms of Animal and Plant cells. Question: What are the differences between multi and single celled plant and animal organisms? Prediction: Spirogyra Cell: The parts of the spirogyra cell that will be visible under the microscope will be; cell wall‚ cell membrane‚ nucleus‚ chloroplasts‚ vacuole and cytoplasm. Banana Cell: The parts of the banana cell that will be visible
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Introduction The purpose of this lab was to calculate and determine the optimal dosage of ultraviolet (UV) light to expose Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) to that would result in a survival rate of 20-40%. Saccharomyces cerevisiae commonly referred to as baker’s yeast is a single-celled eukaryote. Yeast is capable of growing as either a haploid or a diploid cell. The diploid cell can reproduce mitotically or sporulate‚ a process initiating meiosis and forming an ascus with four spores (Sacchromyces
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each of which is ten times more alkaline than the next lower whole value. For example‚ pH 10 is ten times more alkaline than pH 9 and 100 times (10 times 10) more alkaline than pH 8. Primary pH standard values are determined using a concentration cell with transference. This measures the potential difference between a hydrogen electrode and a standard electrode. Measurement of pH for solutions can be done with a glass electrode and a pH
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living tissue‚ observe the effects of changes in temperature and pH on the activity of an enzyme‚ perform analyses for the presence of an enzyme in tissues‚ and analyzing relationships between environmental conditions and enzyme activity. Background: Cells produce proteins which are called enzymes and their job is to help reduce the amount of energy needed to start a reaction. Enzymes are catalysts which are chemical substances that reduce the amount of activation energy needed for the reaction to begin
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more amino acid polymers. The necessity of proteins for life is unequivocal‚ not only do they help to form the structures of cells but they act as enzymes in reactions of the body1. Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower the amount of activation energy needed in carrying out biochemical reactions1. Enzymes are responsible for almost every reaction that occurs in a cell and is named according to the substrate they specifically affect. An enzyme works best under optimal conditions pertaining to
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