The Second Vatican Council The Second Vatican Council‚ otherwise known as Vatican II‚ radically changed the dynamics of the Catholic Church as it was known. Vatican II was a meeting of the world’s bishops for four sessions between October 11‚ 1962 and December 8‚ 1965. When Pope John XXIII called the Second Vatican Council in 1962 (What are Catholics to think of Vatican II)‚ some people in the Church were fearful of possible changes‚ but the majority of Catholics welcomed the opportunity to change
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What was the Second Vatican Council? The Second Vatican Council‚ or Vatican II as it is often called‚ was an Ecumenical Council‚ (which means it affected the worldwide Christian community) of the Roman Catholic Church. It began on October 11‚ 1962 under‚ Pope John XXIII with over two thousand attendants (Hollis 23). The council ended on December 8‚ 1965‚ with Pope Paul VI presiding over the council due to the death of Pope John XXIII in 1963. The council consisted of four different sessions convening
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rThe second Vatican council was initiated by Pope John XXIII to renew the church as being an instrument for God’s peace to all people of good will. John XXIII’s fruitfulness led him to bring the church to become less insular to the whole world. During the time period before Vatican II‚ the world was experiencing changes that affected how the church was seen to the rest of the world. In hopefulness to maintain aggiornamento‚ the main reasons for the councils initiation was due to the influences occurring
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Concilium Oecumenicum Vaticanum Secundum (The Vatican Council II) The Second Vatican Council was formally opened by Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI on 8 December 1965. Its aim was “...to throw open the windows of the Catholic Church so that we can see out and the people can see in.” – Pope John XXIII. T The main topics discussed were the Church itself‚ ecumenism and other religions‚ relation to the modern world and the liturgy of mass. The Catholic Church recognised
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1. The Cassis Case was a landmark in the European history of law. Explain Why Germany impeded the liquor to be sold because of non-conformity to German products (not the same alcohol level as German liquors: could be misunderstood and misused by consumers). * The ECF said it was a restricting measure in the frame of the Common Market and draw the following rule from this case for the free movement of goods * Any product legally manufactured and sold in one member state must be allowed to
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THE COUNCIL OF NICEA The great Council of Nicea met from May to the end of July in 325. It was the first attempt to summon a general council at which the churches from every part of the Roman Empire should be represented. Constantine sponsored the event‚ with the government providing all transportation‚ food and lodging for the bishops and their entourages. No records were kept which identified all of the attendees‚ and varying accounts from that time placeing the number of attending bishops
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state European construct DEF.->EU family of liberal-democratic countries‚ acting collectively through an institutionalized system of decision-making. > Joining members agree to EU treaties‚ legislation‚ norms‚ shared values(democracy/human rights etc.) > 28 member states‚ + 500 million people > Hybrid international organization+ state - EU institutions= > The commission‚ Parliament‚ Council‚ Courts‚ European Council(defines general political direction+priorities/own president)‚ European Central
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The Structure of the European Union European Union policies are divided into three main areas‚ called pillars. I. the European Community-at the heart of the EC is the single market with its four basic freedom ( free movement of goods‚ free movement of workers‚ freedom to provide services and free movement of capital and payment) and its rules on competition. Policy areas for which the Community is responsible is: international trade‚ development assistance‚ monetary policy‚ agriculture
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| 2012 | | | [ EU & INTERNATIONAL LAW ] | | The law-making system of the European Union Sources of law There are three main sources of European Union law. Primary law The primary law of European Union comes from founding treaties and subsequent amendments. This is the very basis of EU law and has direct impact on the lives of EU citizens. Primary laws are created by direct negotiations between governments of member states. Secondary law Secondary laws have roots
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Pope Urban II gave a very motivational speech at The Council of Clermont. The speech was so motivational that it even motivated people to embark on the conquest to Jerusalem whom he did not even intend. The quest to recapture Jerusalem from the Turks was not only a religious escapade‚ but also unified the Christians‚ promised repentance of sin‚ promised fortune‚ happiness‚ and shame to those who did not serve God. Before the Pope called for a crusade to recapture Jerusalem‚ he noticed that the
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