UNIVERSITY OF HERTFORDSHIRE SCHOOL OF LAW COURSEWORK FOR ASPECTS OF EUROPEAN LAW (2LAW0043) DATE - 16th March 2010 ‘The useful effect of a directive would be weakened if individuals were prevented from relying on it before their national courts...’ Van Duyn v Home Office (Case 41/74) Discuss the above statement in the light of the doctrine of direct effect and the later doctrines developed by the ECJ. In order to discuss the above statement
Premium European Union law European Union
First Nations. The notion of wealth‚ the growing dependence on Europeans‚ and Smallpox were all events that had lasting impacts on the First Nations culture even to this day. A large impact on Aboriginal peoples was their growing dependency on European culture. Tobacco was considered a sacred medicine and the First Nations people relied on the Europeans to provide it for them. The First Nations became extrememly dependent on the Europeans for items they had never had before and were considered luxuries
Premium First Nations Indigenous peoples
Analyse the impact of European contact in Māori between 1642 and prior to the sighing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. Between 1642 and prior to the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi‚ many European traders and missionaries arrived‚ bringing changes for Māori. They impacted the Māori society and introduced many new things to the Māori like pigs‚ muskets‚ tobacco and alcohol. Missionaries also influenced Māori and introduced Māori to Christianity and to the written language. Europeans changed the lifestyle
Premium New Zealand Colonialism United States
Migration and Development Brief Migration and Remittances Unit World Bank 13 November 8‚ 2010 Outlook for Remittance Flows 2011-12 Recovery after the crisis‚ but risks lie ahead By Sanket Mohapatra‚ Dilip Ratha and Ani Silwal1 Officially recorded remittance flows to developing countries are estimated to increase by 6 percent to $325 billion in 2010. This marks a healthy recovery from a 5.5 percent decline registered in 2009. Remittance flows are expected to increase by 6.2 percent in
Premium Human migration World Bank Sub-Saharan Africa
“How important were railways in opening up the West?” (50 marks) The world’s first transcontinental railway came into being on the 10th of May 1869‚ after 6 years of intense manual labouring‚ much of which had occurred during the tumultuous years of the American Civil War. As it entailed a huge 1907 mile route – beginning at San Francisco Bay‚ and ending in Iowa on the Missouri River – the line could be described as monumentally important as it travelled through six of the 37 existing states‚ and
Premium Rail transport Arizona Utah
European and Japanese Feudalism Feudalism was not only a European invention‚ the Japanese created their form of feudalism also at its height in Europe. These two feudalistic societies had their own similarities and some differences. But through this‚ feudalism had a great effect on Feudal Europe and Japan. European and Japanese feudalism systems both had the same general idea. This was for powerful landholders to establish and lead a class of warriors for protection. Ownership of land
Premium Feudalism Shogun Japan
Introduction of European Union The European Union (EU) is a family of democratic European countries working together to improve life for their citizens and to build a better world. In just half a century it has delivered peace and prosperity in Europe‚ a single currency and a frontier-free ’single market ’ where people‚ goods‚ services and capital can move around freely. It has become a major trading bloc‚ and a world leader in fields such as environmental protection and development aid. The European Union
Premium European Union
European Colonization It was said in Romans 8:31 “If God is with us‚ who can be against us? Who shall separate us from the love of Christ?” To any follower of Christ living in sixteenth and seventeenth century Europe‚ the answer to this question was no one. Europe believed that God gave them superiority and aid in their conquests and colonization of both Native American and African land. The three key factors that secured Europe’s domination of the New World were their technological superiority
Premium Europe Spain United States
Unit 7- Essay: The Americas The Aztecs and Inca people had many issues and concerns when they came in contact with the European people. In this essay I will be comparing the issues‚ and concerns of Aztec and Inca cultures to their contacts with the Europeans. Some of the issues that I will be discussing are from the time period that covered roughly the 1400’s to roughly around the 1500’s. The Aztecs were American Indian people who ruled a mighty empire in Mexico from the 1400’s to 1500’s. In
Premium Inca Empire Aztec Inca
Introduction To fully appreciate the position of the European Council within the European Union we first took a brief look at how the European Union came about. The European project first started soon after the second world with the creation of the ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community) to harmonise relations between the Nations of Europe and to prevent any further conflicts of the scale of the wars that had preceded its creation. The new spirit of cooperation aimed to bring about a new era of
Premium European Union Treaty of Lisbon European Commission