Core Issues in European Politics 3 Main sources of political conflict in Europe 1. National Interests 2. Ideology 3. Domestic Politics - Most relevant political arena for most politicians - Euroscepticism / Populism Issue 1: European Finances Issue 1.1: Debt Crisis • • • • Public Debt Low growth Ageing + Welfare States Targets of financial speculation: - Portugal‚ Ireland‚ Italy‚ Greece‚ Spain (’PIIGS’) Issue 1.2: Troubled Banks Issue 1.3: Welfare State Reform • Welfare spending
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American Dream 1 American Dream vs. European Dream American Dream 2 American Dream vs. European Dream What is the American Dream? The American Dream is not something we ’ve invented but inherited
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Toyota’s European Operating Exposure 1. Why do you think Toyota had waited so long to move much of its manufacturing for European sales to Europe? By 2001‚ Toyota’s operating losses in Europe had reached 9.9 billion Yen. Much of this loss was due to Toyota’s operating exposure which was a result of the sliding value of the euro with respect to the Japanese Yen. Between early 1999 and early 2001 (2 year ~ medium-run time horizon)‚ the euro had fallen by approximately 28% with respect to
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The European sovereign debt crisis‚ which made it difficult or impossible for some countries in the euro area to repay or re-finance their government debt without the assistance of third parties (Haidar‚ Jamal Ibrahim‚ 2012)‚ had already badly hurt the economies in “PIIGS”‚ Portugal‚ Ireland‚ Italy‚ Greece and Spain. This financial contagion continues to spread throughout the euro area‚ and becomes a dangerous threat not only to European economy‚ but also to global economy. Although a commonly
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Maastricht introduced European citizenship. This finally defined what an EU citizen ’ is‚ most obviously in the amended Article 17 of the Treaty of Rome. This declared that in order for one to hold "citizenship of the Union"‚ one must hold "nationality of a Member State". So anyone with nationality to a country within the European union is immediately granted European Citizenship. Consequently all nationals belonging to states joining the EU will also be automatically conferred European citizenship. It
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SUMMARY: European sovereign-debt crisis is still going on in some countries in eurozone‚ such as Greece‚ Spain‚ Ireland‚ Portugal. The origins of these crises started from Greece when the government borrowed a huge amount of money from foreign investors and was unable to repay. As a result‚ a financial crisis started to hit Greece as the starting point of the crisis over countries in Eurozone. While the old deutschmark (DM) bloc – Germany‚ France‚ etc. experience lower than average growth and inflation
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European business What are the main advantages of the European Union for the business environment? What are the main disadvantages? The European Union is a system that was created to help form a unity‚ and strengthen European states. After two ruinous world wars and the extension of Soviet power‚ many people recognized the need for some form of European unity. The community formed in 1951‚ and consisted of 6 countries – France‚ West Germany‚ the Netherlands‚ Belgium‚ Luxembourg‚ and Italy
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I. Nature and objectives of economic and monetary union Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is an advanced stage of economic integration‚ which is characterized by the implementation of a common currency and economic policy at EU level and logical complements the creation of the single market. Can be defined six stages of economic integration: 1. Preferential Trade Area (with reduced customs tariffs between certain countries) 2. Free Trade Area (no internal tariffs on some or all goods between
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Mirlena Stefani FASTIP June 2012 Mirlena Stefani FASTIP June 2012 Payment Instruments in European Area Payment Instruments in European Area Contents Introduction 1 1. Chapter I - Key Concepts - Payments 2 1.1 Paymants and the payment system 2 1.2 Types of Payment 3 1.3 Payment Instruments 4 2. Chapter II - The Payment Market Landscape in the Euro Area 6 2.1 Introduction 6 2.2 Payment instruments 7 2.2.2 Non-cash payment instruments 7 2.3 Large-value payment system operating
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European Union Law - Module Code: LL5188 Summative assessment - Coursework As indicated in your handbook‚ you will need to complete‚ as part of the summative assessments designed for this module‚ an INDIVIDUAL piece of coursework that will count for 40% of the marks available for the summative assessment component of the Module (the other 60% will come from the written examination in April/May 2014). This coursework should be submitted no later than 9 am. Monday 3rd February 2014. Submission
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