and linked parliamentary integrity becomes widely discussed.[1] The phrase democratic deficit is cited as first being used by the Young European Federalists in their Manifesto in 1977‚[2] which was drafted by Richard Corbett. The phrase was also used by David Marquand in 1979‚ referring to the then European Economic Community‚ the forerunner of the European Union.[3] United Nations[edit] Many authors[who?] have argued that the United Nations suffers from a democratic deficit‚ because it lacks a
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Before evaluating whether or not Parliament is sovereign‚ it’s important to define what sovereignty means. Sovereignty can be split into two; political and legal. Legal sovereignty is the ultimate power to make laws which will be enforced within the state. Members of Parliament and the Prime Minister have ultimate legal power because they propose and enforce legislation. Citizens have no legal sovereignty because they don’t play a role in the legislative function even though pressure group activity
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1. 1.1 EUROPEAN UNION (EU) The European Union is an exclusive economic and political affiliation between twenty-eight countries that cover almost the whole of Europe. The European Union came into existence after the 2nd world war. Its first main aim was to implement economic cooperation between countries. This was done so that the countries can carry out business with one another and become more economically free and at the same time‚ this would also avoid any type of conflict between them. Thus
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The roles of the main EU institutions (Council‚ Commission and Parliament) in the management of the continuing/financial crisis” I. Introduction. The ongoing euro economic/financial crisis has exposed large gaps in the ability of both the European Union’s (EU) institutions as a whole‚ and of the euro zone group in particular‚ to take a common approach to solving the problem. In the absence of an adequate common policy approach we have seen individual member states‚ including Ireland‚ resorting
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Introduction Global economic recession of 2008 - 09 has led many countries towards debt problems and economic crisis. The members of European Union (EU) also faced economic recession and real debt problems in this recession. In the recent past‚ member states of EU have exhibited excellent strategic considerations for adoption of different rules and policies against the recent crisis and debt problem that have severely affected the EU (McLean and Taehee‚ 2010). This report explores the strategic
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referred as law. Primitive pre-historian communities were reliant on customary law systems; however‚ the rise of first civilizations and writing systems caused the written law to appear. Nowadays each country has its own law. One of the oldest law systems in Europe belongs to England. There are three main sources of English law: European law‚ Parliament and The common law. One of the most important sources of the English law is case law (often called common law). Around 1250‚ a common law was produced
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Some characteristics of a modern nation state are centralization of power‚ strong monarchs‚ and national identity and loyalty. It is based on the idea that the state can treat large numbers of people equally by efficient application of the law through the bureaucratic machinery of the state. (Nation state)An example of a nation is the Kurds. The Kurds‚ who are about 25 million‚ are the largest ethnicity in the world without a state of its own. Kurds now live in parts of Turkey‚ Syria‚ Iraq‚ Iran
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main spheres; international‚ internal and bilateral. Firstly‚ when we look at the international sphere‚ with the end of the cold-war the whole world order has changed. With the emergence of new countries (CEEC’s)‚ the lift of the threat of Soviet Union‚ Turkey’s importance in the eyes of the Germany has declined. Moreover‚ the increasing roles of NGO’s and shift from the high security to low security issues had effected the relations by the activists‚ public and the media. New threats and solutions
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Contents Introduction The European Union (EU) is widely regarded as the most advanced project of regional integration in the world. Predisposed by the aftermath of World War II‚ European nations have embarked on a path of strong multilateralism in forming the EU’s predecessors – the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (EEC). These communities and subsequently the Union have pervaded the relations between the European nations‚ their policy-making‚ governance
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was born in 1948. A docteur d’État in political sciences‚ he was Jean Monnet’s last assistant and worked with him from 1973 to 1977. He was chef de cabinet of the President of the European Parliament from 1984 to 1987. This text is signed by its author and does not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. CONTENTS I NTRODUCTION • • • • EUROPE AT THE SERVICE OF PEACE AND DEMOCRACY A HISTORIC SUCCESS THE CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE THE TOPICALITY OF THE COMMUNITY
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