UNIVERSITY OF HERTFORDSHIRE SCHOOL OF LAW COURSEWORK FOR ASPECTS OF EUROPEAN LAW (2LAW0043) DATE - 16th March 2010 ‘The useful effect of a directive would be weakened if individuals were prevented from relying on it before their national courts...’ Van Duyn v Home Office (Case 41/74) Discuss the above statement in the light of the doctrine of direct effect and the later doctrines developed by the ECJ. In order to discuss the above statement
Premium European Union law European Union
The European Union The European Union (EU) is a unique economic and political union of 7 member states which are located primarily in Europe. Its capital is Brussels. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community‚ formed by the Inner Six countries‚ which were France‚ Italy‚ West Germany‚ Luxembourg‚ Belgium and the Netherlands‚ in 1951 and 1958 respectively. In the intervening years the community and its successors have grown size by
Premium European Union
The Structure of the European Union European Union policies are divided into three main areas‚ called pillars. I. the European Community-at the heart of the EC is the single market with its four basic freedom ( free movement of goods‚ free movement of workers‚ freedom to provide services and free movement of capital and payment) and its rules on competition. Policy areas for which the Community is responsible is: international trade‚ development assistance‚ monetary policy‚ agriculture
Premium European Union Institutions of the European Union European Parliament
Presentado por: Jack Fleming Julio 2011 Contents Acknowledgements INTRODUCTION THE EUROPEAN UNION IV. HISTORY Europe in ruins: the need for an integrated Europe The Economic Community 1960s: De Gaulle and the “empty chair crisis” 1970s: Eurosclerosis 1980s: A new direction for Europe The Maastricht
Premium European Union
Moldova’s relations with European Union: the wind of change? Content: 1. Historical overview ……………………………………………………………………….2 2. From RSSM to Republic of Moldova……………………………..……...……………….3 3. Moldova’s relations with EU: …………………………………………………………….3 3.1. 1991-1998 - “wait and see”…………………………………………………………..4 3.2. 1998-2008 – “two steps forward and one back”……………………...………………4 3.3. 2009-2010 – “twitter revolution”- turning point in Moldova – EU relations ………..6 3.4
Premium European Union Romania Soviet Union
Introduction On 25 March 2017‚ the European Union will celebrate the 60th anniversary of its existence. Nevertheless‚ the European Council and the presidents of the twenty seven member states are aware that it is not a perfect union. The Hanseatic League is probably the oldest trace of city alliances in Europe that actually started as a merchant’s society in the Middle Ages. The main interest of this work is to analyse this trade alliance from three different points of view to outline the similarities
Premium European Union
Political Sustainability of the EU by Cristóbal Fernández de Soto T. The European Union —as we know it— is ill fated because of its structural legitimacy deficit. If only the ideal of Europe remains for the greatest part of the people‚ its governance is perceived as decision-making centred (Germany and the rest)‚ distant from citizen’s aspirations (both for the German constituency and for the rest)‚ distant from citizen’s experiences (technocratic rule by unelected bureaucrats)‚ impose by the
Premium European Union Democracy
describe the impact of international factors on a selected business. M3 – assess the impact of changes in the global and European business environment on a selected business. Kyoto Protocol The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement on Climate Change. The major feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialized countries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This amounts to an average of five per cent over the five-year period
Premium European Union Kyoto Protocol European Parliament
2. The European Union is a political and economic Union‚ which is collectively made up of twenty-eight European countries. The intention of the European Union is to foster economic and political cooperation between the member states‚ and “to make war not only unthinkable‚ but materially impossible.” (Schuman Doctrine) The belief of the European Union is that by promoting trade and interdependence between the member states‚ it will not only make them less likely to engage in war with each other‚ but
Premium European Union United States World War II
eu/economy_finance/publications/publication15887_en.pdf Council of the European Union."Highlights." CONSILIUM -. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/homepage/highlights/fiscal-compact-enters-into-force-on-1-january-2013?lang=en "Europe 2020 - The EU Strategy for Smart‚ Sustainable and Inclusive Growth - European Commission." Europe 2020 - The EU Strategy for Smart‚ Sustainable and Inclusive Growth - European Commission. N.p.‚ n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2013. http://ec.europa.eu/e
Premium European Union Eurozone Euro