Long before it was officially called the HMO‚ managed care can be traced back to as early as the 1920s to the mid-1940s. The first example was the Western Clinic in Tacoma‚ Washington‚ it had its own providers and a variety services for a monthly premium payment of $0.50 per member. That later expanded to 20 other sites in Oregon and Washington. That same year a physician‚ Dr. Shadid‚ in Oklahoma‚ established a health cooperative for farmers in small towns who don’t have access to physicians. More
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Culture cannot be managed Organisations do not form accidentally. It is the result of the belief that a group of individuals working together can accomplish the task that one individual cannot and the work can be done faster and more effectively. The process of organisational culture formation is first of all the process of creating a small group of individuals. From the 1980s there was a great number of discussions of organisational culture as a "source of fresh air" and antidote to attributes
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Outline and Evaluate Research into the Relationship between the Immune System and Stress Related Illness There is evidence to suggest acute stressors can cause suppression of the immune system and decrease immune cell functioning. The study by Kiecolt-Glaser et al. (1984) investigated whether the stress of taking exams caused a change in the amount of white blood cells in the blood. Kiecolt-Glaser studied 49 male and 26 female first year medical students at the Ohio State University College
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Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal Emerald Article: A standard agreement for vendor managed inventory Francesco Zammori‚ Marcello Braglia‚ Marco Frosolini Article information: To cite this document: Francesco Zammori‚ Marcello Braglia‚ Marco Frosolini‚ (2009)‚"A standard agreement for vendor managed inventory"‚ Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal‚ Vol. 2 Iss: 2 pp. 165 - 186 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17538290910973376 Downloaded
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Define and describe the concept of managed care. Differentiate between managed care and health care in the past. Managed care is the attempt to provide reasonable access to quality care at affordable cost. The primary care physician is the gatekeeper. Managed care will reduce insurance premium costs by limits on services‚ also increasing issues about denial of service or payment. 2.Identify two widespread effects of the managed-care movement. Describe how managed care affected these areas. When
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industries in America have been undergoing significant reform in order to rein in the high cost of delivering health care services. Managed care has become a cornerstone of this process (Strickland‚ 1995). The case management industry (with its focus on cost containment‚ managed competition‚ and quality care) is playing an increasingly important role in the managed care environment (Owens‚ 1996). According to Mullahy (1995a)‚ the number of case managers has risen astronomically in recent years. These
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Outline and evaluate the research into the effect of stress on the immune system During strenuous times‚ our body undergoes many physiological changes in order to aid our survival‚ and this is an inherited function (Canon’s ‘fight or flight’ theory). Stress in small doses‚ in fact is needed and useful to humans‚ however long term stress can take its toll on the body. The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model was developed by Selye to explain the effects of exposure to stressor. The GAS model consists
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Managed care is any arrangement in health care in which an organization like HMO or another type of doctor-hospital network or an insurance company acts as intermediate with the individual that is seeking care and the physician. The intention of managed care is to eliminate facilities and services that are no longer needed or useful and also to reduce costs. In managed healthcare their insurance plans are very different from the fee- for-service‚ or FFS‚ insurance plans. In the
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Translation as a social phenomena Translation Problems in Modern Russian Society The development of trade and industry has always given rise to changes in the evolution of communities‚ bringing about new social forms and stratification of society. This in its turn accelerated the appearance of businesses and factories‚ arrival of new professions‚ and urbanization. Since the times of Perestroika (which was started in 1989 by Mikhail Gorbatchev) Russian society has been experiencing dramatic
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Assignment 04 PYC480-7 Unique assignment number: 666361 Marcelle Labuschagne 3443-055-5 Group Tests of Intelligence 3 Different Theoretical Approaches to Intelligence 3 Theories Underlying Types of Testing 4 Measuring Learning Potential 5 Dynamic Assessment 6 Different Approaches to Dynamic Assessment and the Measurement of Learning Potential 7 Dynamic Assessment: The Psychometric Approach 7 Deciding on an Experimental Design 8 Bibliography 9 Group Tests of Intelligence
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