How would you account for changes in political cleavage structures and how does this impact on party systems? The fundamental nature of this essay is to look at the different explanations of the emergence and development of political cleavage structures and its impact on party systems in Western Europe. The party systems of the Western European states reflect both common lines of development of Western European history and country-specific characteristics of the progress of state and nation
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aid as a strategy for economic development. Aid is a term used for major financial and material donations given from a donor country to a recipient country. Aid can be given directly from the donor government to the recipient government (bilateral aid)‚ or go from donor to recipient through an international organization such as the World Bank (multilateral aid). It can also take the form of loans from banks to the recipient country‚ or donations managed by non-governmental organisations and charities
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1.How do you assess political risk? What are its consequences? How can a firm manage political risk? What is micropolitical risk and how does it affect international business? Political risk assessment can be done as simple as conducting an online research yourself‚ or by hiring experts and consultants familiar with the host country. They are able to inform the likelihood of political change and develop possible scenarios for future political conditions. Another form of assessing political risk
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Demonstrate an understanding of how the uncontrollable and controllable variables impact upon the organisations Uncontrollable variables are variables that cannot be controlled directly by a business. These impacts may be either negative or positive so it is essential for an organisation to quickly adapt when they occur. Some of the uncontrollable variables that face Apple and Nokia are: competition‚ the economy‚ and laws. Competition – Apple and Nokia cannot restrict other businesses competing
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The wars of expansion had a massive effect on Rome and its citizens. The most obvious were the increased role of the senate‚ the influx of wealth that arrived in Rome and the introduction of Hellenism. It is believed that these changes were not just the beginnings of the downfall of the republic‚ but of the entire Roman Empire. Indeed‚ Sallust‚ writing in the first century BC states that although "every land and sea lay open to her. It was then that fortune turned unkind and confounded all her enterprises
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HSC COURSE Social Impact of Technology Assessment Task Annalise Wood Due: Friday 17 August‚ 2012 ‘Technology has positive and negative effects on the satisfaction of individual needs.’Discuss the statement using examples to illustrate your answer. Technology is the study‚ development and application of devices‚ machines and techniques to manufacturing and productive processes. Technology is developed in response to a human want or need. The acceptance of technology is determined by how well it satisfies
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Accountants) WHAT FACTORS DRIVE CHANGE IN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN MALAYSIAN ORGANISATIONS? Suzana Sulaiman Aliza Ramli Accounting Research Institute & Faculty of Accountancy Universiti Teknologi MARA‚ Malaysia Falconer Mitchell University of Edinburgh‚ UK Abstract Without knowledge of how the management accounting (MA) discipline changes‚ its development cannot be properly understood. Prior research indicates that MA has been changing and that many factors are implicated in its change. This study explores
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helping illustrate their meanings and importance. Strategy: Johnson et al (2005‚ p9) argues‚ "Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long term‚ which achieves an advantage in a changing environment through its configuration or resources and competences with the aim of fulfilling stakeholder expectations." I feel that this gives a clear understanding to the term‚ as it involves the four key areas every organisation needs to manage; firstly‚ what areas the business wishes
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2DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS EC111 INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS Thursday 17th May 2012 9.30am – 11.30am (2 hours) Students must answer THREE questions with at least one from each section SECTION A 1. Explain‚ with the use of a labour supply and demand diagram‚ what happens to wages and employment when the pension age increases and there is also an increase in female labour force participation. 2. Using a diagram that shows the relationship between the demand for money and the supply of money
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the contract is not followed properly. Many businesses try to minimise their responsibilities under a contract‚ and the law attempts to support the customer’s interests and rights. You will consider rules for making contracts and understand the legal effect of each stage in negotiating a contract‚ up to the final agreement. The law on misrepresentation and the terms in contracts are explored. It is important that you understand the meaning of express & implied terms in a contract‚ considering
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