the evolutionary forces that drive evolution: The natural selection operates in base of the difference between de reproductive successes of the individuals. The genes of the most successful individuals (the ones that reproduces more) appears more in the next generation. If an individual cannot survive it will not be able to reproduce. Because of that natural selection is NOT RANDOM and can act really quickly. (Charlat et al.‚ 2007) The DNA is shaped by the genetic drift‚ another evolutionary force
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The relationship between sexual selection and human reproductive behaviour Sexual selection is a special type of natural selection that is concerned with an organisms ability to successfully reproduce. Survival is no guarantee of passing gene variants to the next generation‚ that can only happen if the animal reproduces. Males usually compete to mate with females According to Trivers (1972)‚ "Where one sex invests considerably more than the other‚ members of the latter will compete among
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Are We Evolution? Evolution is the thought process of different kind of organisms and how they came about. First Coyne begins to describe his version of evolution‚ he believes its nature‚ that’s plants and animals were perfectly created or designed for living their lives. Throughout the first page Coyne compares evolution to Willam Paley’s idea of a watch maker‚ he says if you see a watch laying on the floor you automatically know it’s a work of a watchmaker. In my opinion it compliments evolution
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Cladograms are a way for us to observe and analyze characteristics and evolutionary change between two phylums. Starting out with a character matrix allows us to determine synapomorphies and apomorphies between theses two group‚ allowing us to construct the cladogram (Reece). My cladogram consisted of various phylums from the Animal Kingdom. The outgroup for my cladogram was the Choanoflagellates due to the fact that “they are the closest‚ living‚ unicellular relatives of animals” (Leadbeater).
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Explanation of Human Behavior The history of evolutionary psychology began with Charles Darwin‚ who proposed that humans have social instincts that evolved by natural selection. Darwin ’s work inspired later psychologists such as William James and Sigmund Freud but for most of the 20th century psychologists focused more on behaviorism and proximate explanations for human behavior. As school psychology transitions into an outcome-oriented profession‚ we continue to evolve new ways to bring science
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EVOLUTIONARY EXPLANATIONS Animal Aggression Lorenz- aggressive behaviour in animals have the following functions: • Selection of the fittest for survival • Aggression will protect the young animals for survival • Distribution of animal territories What are the criticisms of Lorenz? Human Aggression Benign Aggression and Malignant Aggression Nelson: the 3 basic factors affecting human aggression • Process of Learning: Social Learning theory-observation/imitation‚ Learning strategies
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According to Evolutionary Psychology‚ although human beings today live in a modern world of advanced systems and technology yet they retain inside them or in their inner traits and habit the mentality coming from their Stone Age ancestors. Evolutionary psychologists point out that there is no significant change in the human brain over the past 100‚000 years‚ and therefore modern man maintains the mind of his Stone Age ancestors. As quoted “you can take the person out of the Stone Age but you can’t
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Buss: aims and context Current mate preferences are of particular interest to Evolutionary Psychologists as they are thought to demonstrate what types of characteristics were preferred by our ancestors. They also demonstrate the current direction of sexual selection‚ by indicating who is likely to be selected as a mate. These mate characteristics that are heritable will appear more readily in subsequent generations‚ whereas individuals lacking preferred characteristics will not be selected to mate
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Module 11 A. Behavior Genetics Chromosomes containing DNA are situated in the nucleus of the cell Segments within DNA consist of genes that make proteins to determine our development Genome is the set of complete instructions for making an organism‚ containing all the genes in that organism. Thus‚ the human genome makes us human‚ and the genome for drosophila makes it a common housefly. Studying the effects of heredity and environment on two sets of twins‚ identical (monozygotic) and fraternal
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defenses” against cold. 7. Describe the connection between Rana sylvatica and diabetes. 8. In Chapters I and II several inherited disorders were discussed. Create and complete the chart with the following information: Disease/Disorder‚ Symptoms‚ Evolutionary Advantage (see end of guide) Chapter III 9. Why do we need Vitamin D? Cholesterol? Folic acid? 10. Briefly describe the connection between the two concepts: a. tanning beds; birth defects b. sunglasses; sunburn c. hypertension; slave trade
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